The following are hereby defined as unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in the business of insurance:
1. Misrepresentations and false advertising of insurance policies. Making, issuing, circulating, or causing to be made, issued or circulated, any estimate, illustration, circular, statement, sales presentation, omission, or comparison which does any of the following:
a. Misrepresents the benefits, advantages, conditions, or terms of any insurance policy.
b. Misrepresents the dividends or share of the surplus to be received on any insurance policy.
c. Makes any false or misleading statements as to the dividends or share of surplus previously paid on any insurance policy.
d. Is misleading or is a misrepresentation as to the financial condition of any person, or as to the legal reserve system upon which any life insurer operates.
e. Uses any name or title of any insurance policy or class of insurance policies misrepresenting the true nature thereof.
f. Is a misrepresentation for the purpose of inducing or tending to induce the lapse, forfeiture, exchange, conversion, or surrender of any insurance policy.
g. Is a misrepresentation for the purpose of effecting a pledge or assignment of or effecting a loan against any insurance policy.
h. Misrepresents any insurance policy as being shares of stock.
i. Misrepresents any insurance policy to consumers by using the terms "burial insurance", "funeral insurance", "burial plan", or "funeral plan" in its names or titles, unless the policy is made with a funeral provider as beneficiary who specifies and fixes a price under contract with an insurance company. This paragraph does not prevent insurers from stating or advertising that insurance benefits may provide cash for funeral or burial expenses.
j. Is a misrepresentation, including any intentional misquote of premium rate, for the purpose of inducing or tending to induce the purchase of an insurance policy.
2. False information and advertising generally. Making, publishing, disseminating, circulating or placing before the public, or causing, directly or indirectly, to be made, published, disseminated, circulated, or placed before the public in a newspaper, magazine or other publication, or in the form of a notice, circular, pamphlet, letter or poster, or over any radio or television station, or in any other way, an advertisement, announcement or statement containing any assertion, representation, or statement with respect to the business of insurance or with respect to any person in the conduct of the person's insurance business, which is untrue, deceptive or misleading.
3. Defamation. Making, publishing, disseminating, or circulating, directly or indirectly, or aiding, abetting or encouraging the making, publishing, disseminating, or circulating of any oral or written statement or any pamphlet, circular, article or literature which is false, or maliciously critical of or derogatory to the financial condition of any person, and which is calculated to injure such person.
4. Boycott, coercion and intimidation. Entering into any agreement to commit, or by any concerted action committing, any act of boycott, coercion or intimidation resulting in or tending to result in unreasonable restraint of, or monopoly in, the business of insurance.
5. False statements and entries.
a. Knowingly filing with any supervisory or other public official, or knowingly making, publishing, disseminating, circulating or delivering to any person, or placing before the public, or knowingly causing directly or indirectly, to be made, published, disseminated, circulated, delivered to any person, or placed before the public, any false material statement of fact as to the financial condition of a person.
b. Knowingly making any false entry of a material fact in any book, report or statement of any person or knowingly omitting to make a true entry of any material fact pertaining to the business of such person in any book, report or statement of such person.
6. Stock operations and advisory board contracts. Issuing or delivering or permitting agents, officers or employees to issue or deliver, agency company stock or other capital stock, or benefit certificates or shares in any common law corporation, or securities or any special or advisory board contracts or other contracts of any kind promising returns and profits as an inducement to insurance.
7. Unfair discrimination.
a. Making or permitting any unfair discrimination between individuals of the same class and equal expectation of life in the rates charged for any contract of life insurance or of life annuity or in the dividends or other benefits payable thereon, or in any other of the terms and conditions of such contract.
b. Making or permitting any unfair discrimination between insureds of the same class for essentially the same hazard in the amount of premium, policy fees, or rates charged for any policy or contract of insurance other than life or in the benefits payable thereunder, or in any of the terms or conditions of such contract, or in any other manner whatever.
c. Making or permitting any discrimination in the sale of insurance solely on the basis of domestic abuse as defined in section 236.2.
8. Rebates.
a. Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, knowingly permitting or offering to make or making any contract of life insurance, life annuity or accident and health insurance, or agreement as to such contract other than as plainly expressed in the contract issued thereon, or paying or allowing, or giving or offering to pay, allow, or give, directly or indirectly, as inducement to such insurance, or annuity, any rebate of premiums payable on the contract, or any special favor or advantage in the dividends or other benefits thereon, or any valuable consideration or inducement whatever not specified in the contract; or giving, or selling, or purchasing or offering to give, sell, or purchase as inducement to such insurance or annuity or in connection therewith, any stocks, bonds, or other securities of any insurance company or other corporation, association, or partnership, or any dividends or profits accrued thereon, or any thing of value whatsoever not specified in the contract.
b. Nothing in subsection 7 or paragraph "a" of this subsection shall be construed as including within the definition of discrimination or rebates any of the following practices:
(1) In the case of any contract of life insurance or life annuity, paying bonuses to policyholders or otherwise rebating their premiums in whole or in part out of surplus accumulated from nonparticipating insurance, provided that any such bonuses or rebatement of premiums shall be fair and equitable to policyholders and for the best interests of the company and its policyholders.
(2) In the case of life insurance policies issued on the industrial debit plan, making allowance to policyholders who have continuously for a specified period made premium payments directly to an office of the insurer in an amount which fairly represents the saving in collection expenses.
(3) Readjustment of the rate of premium for a group insurance policy based on the loss or expense experienced thereunder, at the end of the first or any subsequent policy year of insurance thereunder, which may be made retroactive only for such policy year.
9. Unfair claim settlement practices. Committing or performing with such frequency as to indicate a general business practice any of the following:
a. Misrepresenting pertinent facts or insurance policy provisions relating to coverages of issue.
b. Failing to acknowledge and act reasonably promptly upon communications with respect to claims arising under insurance policies.
c. Failing to adopt and implement reasonable standards for the prompt investigation of claims arising under insurance policies.
d. Refusing to pay claims without conducting a reasonable investigation based upon all available information.
e. Failing to affirm or deny coverage of claims within a reasonable time after proof of loss statements have been completed.
f. Not attempting in good faith to effectuate prompt, fair and equitable settlements of claims in which liability has become reasonably clear, or failing to include interest on the payment of claims when required under section 511.38.
g. Compelling insureds to institute litigation to recover amounts due under an insurance policy by offering substantially less than the amounts ultimately recovered in actions brought by such insureds.
h. Attempting to settle a claim for less than the amount to which a reasonable person would have believed the person was entitled by reference to written or printed advertising material accompanying or made part of an application.
i. Attempting to settle claims on the basis of an application which was altered without notice to, or knowledge or consent of the insured.
j. Making claims payments to insureds or beneficiaries not accompanied by a statement setting forth the coverage under which payments are being made.
k. Making known to insureds or claimants a policy of appealing from arbitration awards in favor of insureds or claimants for the purpose of compelling them to accept settlements or compromises less than the amount awarded in arbitration.
l. Delaying the investigation or payment of claims by requiring an insured, claimant, or the physician of either to submit a preliminary claim report and then requiring the subsequent submission of formal proof of loss forms, both of which submissions contain substantially the same information.
m. Failing to promptly settle claims, where liability has become reasonably clear, under one portion of the insurance policy coverage in order to influence settlements under other portions of the insurance policy coverage.
n. Failing to promptly provide a reasonable explanation of the basis in the insurance policy in relation to the facts or applicable law for denial of a claim or for the offer of a compromise settlement.
10. Misrepresentation in insurance applications. Making false or fraudulent statements or representations on or relative to an application for an insurance policy, for the purpose of obtaining a fee, commission, money, or other benefit from any insurer, agent, broker, or individual.
10A. Omission from insurance application. Failing to designate on an insurance policy application the licensee who has solicited and written the policy.
11. Rating organizations. Any violation of section 515F.16.
12. Minor traffic violations. Failure of a person to comply with section 516B.3.
[C97, § 1782; S13, § 1782, 1820-b; SS15, § 1758-f; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, § 8666, 8759, 9022; C46, 50, 54, § 508.23, 511.20, 515.144; C58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, § 507B.4]
85 Acts, ch 229, § 1; 87 Acts, ch 65, § 2; 87 Acts, ch 120, § 7; 89 Acts, ch 321, § 32; 90 Acts, ch 1234, § 64; 92 Acts, ch 1162, § 3; 93 Acts, ch 88, § 4; 95 Acts, ch 185, §6
Referred to in § 225C.28B, 225C.29, 507B.6, 507B.7, 507B.12, 514A.3, 515E.4
See §513C.9 for additional unfair practices
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