CHAPTER 64INFECTIOUS AND CONTAGIOUS DISEASES[Appeared as Ch 1, 1973 IDR][Ch 16, IAC 7/1/75 renumbered as 11.3, 12.1 to 12.33, and 16.24 and 16.25 renumbered 16.6 and 16.7as per written instructions from Ag. Dept.10/11/77][Prior to 7/27/88, see Agriculture Department 30—Ch 16]2164.1(163) Reporting disease. Whenever any person or persons who shall have knowledge of the existence of any infectious or contagious disease, such disease affecting the animals within the state or resulting in exposure thereto, which may prove detrimental to the health of the animals within the state, it shall be the duty of such person or persons to report the same in writing to the State Veterinarian, Bureau of Animal Industry, Wallace State Office Building, Des Moines, Iowa 50319, who shall then take such action as deemed necessary for the suppression and prevention of such disease. The diseases as classified by the Office International Des Epizooties are included. The following named diseases are infectious or contagious and the diagnosis or suspected diagnosis of any of these diseases in animals must be reported promptly to the Iowa department of agriculture and land stewardship by the veterinarian making the diagnosis or suspected diagnosis: 64.1(1) Multiple species diseases. Anthrax Aujeszky’s disease Bluetongue Brucellosis (Brucella abortus) Brucellosis (Brucella melitensis) Brucellosis (Brucella suis) Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever Echinococcosis/hydatidosis Epizootic haemorrhagic disease Equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern) Foot and mouth disease Heartwater Highly pathogenic avian influenza Japanese encephalitis Johne’s disease Leptospirosis New world screwworm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) Old world screwworm (Chrysomya bezziana) Q fever Rabies Rift Valley fever Rinderpest Surra (Trypanosoma evansi) Trichinellosis Tularemia Vesicular stomatitis West Nile fever 64.1(2) Cattle diseases. Bovine anaplasmosis Bovine babesiosis Bovine genital campylobacteriosis Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Bovine tuberculosis Bovine viral diarrhoea Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia Enzootic bovine leukosis Haemorrhagic septicaemia Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis Lumpy skin disease Theileriosis Trichomonosis Trypanosomosis (tsetse-transmitted) 64.1(3) Swine diseases. African swine fever Classical swine fever Nipah virus encephalitis Porcine cysticercosis Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Swine vesicular disease Transmissible gastroenteritis 64.1(4) Sheep and goat diseases. Caprine arthritis/encephalitis Contagious agalactia Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia Enzootic abortion of ewes (ovine chlamydiosis) Maedi-visna Nairobi sheep disease Ovine epididymitis (Brucella ovis) Peste des petits ruminants Salmonellosis (S. abortusovis) Scrapie Sheep pox and goat pox 64.1(5) Equine diseases. African horse sickness Contagious equine metritis Dourine Equine encephalomyelitis (Western) Equine infectious anaemia Equine influenza Equine piroplasmosis Equine rhinopneumonitis Equine viral arteritis Glanders Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis 64.1(6) Avian diseases. Avian chlamydiosis Avian infectious bronchitis Avian infectious laryngotracheitis Avian mycoplasmosis (M. gallisepticum) Avian mycoplasmosis (M. synoviae) Duck virus hepatitis Fowl cholera Fowl typhoid Low pathogenic avian influenza in poultry Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro disease) Marek’s disease Newcastle disease Pullorum disease Turkey rhinotracheitis 64.1(7) Lagomorph diseases. Myxomatosis Rabbit haemorrhagic disease 64.1(8) Fish diseases. Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis Epizootic ulcerative syndrome Gyrodactylosis (Gyrodactylus salaris) Infectious haematopoietic necrosis Infectious salmon anaemia Koi herpesvirus disease Red sea bream iridoviral disease Spring viraemia of carp Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia 64.1(9) Mollusc diseases. Infection with abalone herpes-like virus Infection with Bonamia exitiosa Infection with Bonamia ostreae Infection with Marteilia refringens Infection with Perkinsus marinus Infection with Perkinsus olseni Infection with Xenohaliotis californiensis 64.1(10) Crustacean diseases. Crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci) Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis Infectious myonecrosis Taura syndrome White spot disease White tail disease Yellowhead disease 64.1(11) Amphibian diseases. Infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Infection with ranavirus 64.1(12) Other diseases. Camel pox Chronic wasting disease Leishmaniosis Reporting is required for any case or suspicious case of an animal having any disease that may be caused by bioterrorism, epidemic or pandemic disease, or novel or highly fatal infectious agents or biological toxins and that might pose a substantial risk of a significant number of animal fatalities, incidents of acute short-term illness in animals, or incidents of permanent or long-term disability in animals.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code sections 163.1, 163.2, 189A.12, 189A.13 and 197.5.Related ARC(s): 9102B, 0230C, 8026C2164.2(163) Disease prevention and suppression. Whenever the chief of division of animal industry shall have knowledge of an outbreak of any contagious, infectious or communicable disease among domestic animals in the state, the chief of the division of animal industry shall take such action as necessary for the prevention and suppression of such disease, including establishment, enforcement and maintenance of quarantines. The chief of the division of animal industry is authorized and empowered to obtain assistance of any peace officer.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code sections 163.1 and 163.10.2164.3(163) Duties of township trustees and health board. Whenever notice is given to the trustees of a township or to a local board of health that animals are suspected of being affected with or having been exposed to any contagious, infectious or communicable disease, they may impose such restrictions as deemed necessary to prevent the spread of the disease. It shall be the duty of such township trustees or local boards to immediately notify the chief of division of animal industry.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.17.2164.4(163) “Exposed” defined. An animal must be considered as “exposed” when it has stood in a stable with, or been in contact with, any animal known to be affected with a contagious, infectious or transmissible disease; or if placed in a stable, yard or other enclosure where such diseased animal or animals have been kept unless such stable, yard or other enclosure has been thoroughly cleaned and disinfected after containing animals so affected.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.1.2164.5(163) Sale of vaccine. No attenuated or live culture vaccine or virus shall be sold or offered for sale at retail except to a licensed veterinarian of this state, nor shall it be administered to any livestock or poultry except by a licensed veterinarian of the state of Iowa. This does not apply to the sale of and administration of virulent classical swine fever virus when sold to and administered by valid permit holders for its use on hogs owned by themselves on their own premises.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.1.Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.6(163) “Quarantine” defined. The term “quarantine” shall be construed to mean the perfect isolation of all diseased or suspected animals from contact with other animals as well as the exclusion of other animals from yards, stables, enclosures or grounds where suspected or diseased animals are or have been kept.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.1.2164.7(163) Chiefs of Iowa and U.S. animal industries to cooperate. The department of agriculture and land stewardship hereby authorizes and directs the chief of division of animal industry to cooperate with the bureau of animal industry, United States Department of Agriculture, in all regulations for the prevention, control and eradication of contagious and infectious diseases among domestic animals in the state of Iowa.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.1.2164.8(163) Animal blood sample collection. Any animal slaughtered in Iowa is subject to having blood samples taken in order to determine whether the animal is infected with an infectious or contagious disease. Upon written notification from the department or from the United States Department of Agriculture, the management of a slaughter facility shall provide for or permit the collection of blood samples for testing from any animal confined at or being slaughtered at such a facility.If the department or the United States Department of Agriculture chooses to place government employees or private contractors in the facility for the purpose of collecting the blood samples, neither the facility nor the management of the facility shall charge a fee for providing such access. In addition, the slaughter facility shall provide blood collectors access to facilities routinely available to plant employees such as rest rooms, lockers, break rooms, lunchrooms, and storage facilities to facilitate blood collection in the same manner and on the same terms as the facility provides access to the facility to meat inspectors employed by the department or the Food Safety Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture.2164.9 Reserved.GLANDERS AND FARCY CONTROL2164.10(163) Preventing spread of glanders. No person owning or having the care or custody of any animal affected with glanders or farcy, or which there is a reason to believe is affected with said disease, shall lead, drive or permit such animal to go on or over any public grounds, unenclosed lands, street, road, public highway, lane or alley; or permit such animal to drink at any public watering trough, pail or spring, or keep such diseased animal in any enclosure in or from which such diseased animal may come in contact with, or in proximity to, any animal not affected with such disease.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.20.2164.11(163) Disposal of diseased animal. Whenever any animal affected with glanders dies or is destroyed the carcass of such animal shall be disposed of as determined by the department.As glanders is transmissible to human beings great care must be exercised in handling diseased animals or carcasses.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.1.Related ARC(s): 2591C2164.12(163) Glanders quarantine. It shall be the duty of the chief of division of animal industry to maintain quarantine on all animals affected with glanders until such animals have been destroyed by consent of the owner or otherwise, and carcasses disposed of in accordance with 21—64.11(163) and the premises where the same have been kept thoroughly cleaned and disinfected.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.2.2164.13(163) Tests for glanders and farcy. In suspected cases of glanders and farcy the most efficient field test is the intrapalpebral mallein test, and as valuable aids to diagnosis the mallein Strass’ agglutination and precipitation tests shall be recognized.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.1.2164.14 Reserved.BLACKLEG CONTROL2164.15(163) Blackleg. Upon the appearance of an outbreak of blackleg on any premises all calves and yearlings on the premises should be promptly immunized. All carcasses of animals dead of blackleg must be burned intact without removal of the hide. Such carcasses may be disposed of by removal within 24 hours by the operator of a regularly licensed rendering plant. In the event that the owner of any animal dead from blackleg neglects or refuses to make such disposition of the carcass or carcasses as indicated above, then in such cases the disposal shall be handled in accordance with 21—61.33(163).This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code sections 167.18 and 163.2.2164.16 Reserved.DEPARTMENT NOTIFICATION OF DISEASES2164.17(163) Notification of chief of animal industry. It shall be the duty of any city or local board of health or township trustees, whenever notice is given of animals being affected with rabies, glanders, scabies, classical swine fever or any contagious or infectious disease or having been exposed to the same, to promptly notify the state veterinarian.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.17.Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.18 Reserved.2164.19 Reserved.2164.20 Reserved.2164.21 Reserved.2164.22 Reserved.RABIES CONTROL2164.23(163) Rabies—exposed animals. Whenever rabies is known to exist in any community it shall be the duty of all owners of dogs or other exposed animals to immediately confine such dogs or animals securely to prevent them from spreading the infection should they develop the disease.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 351.39.2164.24(163) Rabies quarantine. When quarantine is established in any community on account of the existence of rabies all dogs not confined or muzzled shall be promptly destroyed.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 351.40.2164.25(351) Control and prevention of rabies. 64.25(1) Antirabies vaccine. a. Vaccines and immunization procedures recommended in the Compendium of Animal Rabies Vaccines prepared by the National Association of Public Health Veterinarians, Inc.are approved by the Iowa department of agriculture and land stewardship. b. Reserved. 64.25(2) Tag and certificate. a. The veterinarian shall issue a tag with the numerical number thereon and the certificate of vaccination shall designate the tag number. b. Each rabies vaccination certificate issued by the veterinarian must be an Official Rabies Vaccination Certificate approved by the Iowa department of agriculture and land stewardship.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 351.35.2164.26 Reserved.2164.27 Reserved.2164.28 Reserved.2164.29 Reserved.SCABIES OR MANGE CONTROL2164.30(163) Scabies or mange quarantine. Whenever the state veterinarian shall have knowledge of any horses, cattle, sheep or swine affected with scabies or mange, owners of any horses, cattle, sheep or swine affected shall medicate the animals at intervals the state veterinarian deems necessary with a method approved by the state veterinarian.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 166A.8.Related ARC(s): 9102B2164.31 Reserved.DISEASE CONTROL AT FAIRS AND EXHIBITS2164.32(163) State fairgrounds—disinfection of livestock quarters. It shall be the duty of the chief of division of animal industry to supervise the disinfection of all buildings, stalls and pens at the state fairgrounds just prior to the opening of such fair and to supervise the disinfecting daily of hog pens and such other enclosures.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.1.2164.33(163) County fairs—disinfection of livestock quarters. It shall be the duty of all secretaries of all county fairs or exhibitions of livestock in the state of Iowa, excepting the Iowa state fair, to supervise the disinfecting of all buildings, stalls and pens prior to the opening of such county fair or exhibition of livestock and to disinfect hog pens and all such enclosures daily during such fairs and exhibitions.This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 163.1.2164.34(163) Health requirements for exhibition of livestock, poultry and birds at the state fair, district shows and exhibitions. 64.34(1) General requirements. All animals, poultry and birds intended for any exhibition will be considered under quarantine and not eligible for showing until the owner or agent presents an official Certificate of Veterinary Inspection. Unless otherwise indicated herein, the Certificate of Veterinary Inspection must be issued by an accredited veterinarian within 30 days (14 days for sheep and 7 days for swine) prior to the date of entry and must indicate that the veterinarian has inspected the animals, poultry or birds and any nurse stock that accompany them, and that they are apparently free from symptoms of any infectious disease (including warts, ringworm, footrot, draining abscesses and pinkeye) or any communicable disease. Individual Certificates of Veterinary Inspection will not be required in certain classes, if the division superintendent for the exhibition has made prior arrangements with the official fair veterinarian and state veterinarian to have all animals and birds inspected on arrival. 64.34(2) Cattle. a. Individual identification and certificate. All cattle intended for exhibition shall have individual official identification and be accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection. b. Tuberculosis. Cattle originating from a USDA accredited-free state or zone may be exhibited without other testing requirements when accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection that lists individual official identification. Cattle from a herd or area under quarantine for tuberculosis may not be exhibited. Cattle from a state or zone which is not a USDA accredited-free state or zone must meet the following requirements: (1) Have had an individual animal test conducted within 60 days of the exhibition; or (2) Originate from a tuberculosis accredited-free herd, with the accredited herd number and date of last test listed on the Certificate of Veterinary Inspection; and (3) Have been issued a preentry permit from the state veterinarian’s office. c. Brucellosis. (1) Native Iowa cattle originating from a herd not under quarantine may be exhibited when accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection that lists individual official identification. (2) Cattle originating outside the state must meet one of the following requirements:
- Originate from brucellosis class “free” states, accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection that lists individual official identification; or
- Be beef heifers under 24 months of age and dairy heifers under 20 months of age which are official brucellosis vaccinates, accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection that lists the official calfhood vaccination tattoo and individual official identification; or
- Be animals of any age that originate from a herd not under quarantine, accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection that lists a report of a negative brucellosis test conducted within 30 days prior to opening date of exhibition and individual official identification; or
- Originate from a certified brucellosis-free herd, accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection that lists individual official identification, herd number, and date of last test; or
- Be calves under six months of age, accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection that lists individual official identification.
"Accredited veterinarian" means a veterinarian approved by the deputy administrator of veterinary services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the state veterinarian in accordance with Part 161 of Title 9, Chapter 1, of the Code of Federal Regulations, revised as of January 9, 2013, to perform functions required by cooperative state/federal animal disease control and eradication programs.
"Adjacent herd" means one of the following:
- A herd of Cervidae occupying premises that border an affected herd, including herds separated by roads or streams.
- A herd of Cervidae occupying premises that were previously occupied by an affected herd within the past four years as determined by the designated epidemiologist.
"Affected cervid herd" means a cervid herd from which any animal has been diagnosed as affected with CWD and which has not been in compliance with the control program for CWD as described in rules 21—64.104(163) through 21—64.119(163).
"Certificate" means an official document, issued by a state veterinarian or federal animal health official or an accredited veterinarian at the point of origin, containing information on the individual identification of each animal being moved, the number of animals, the purpose of the movement, the points of origin and destination, the consignor, the consignee, and any other information required by the state veterinarian.
"Certified CWD cervid herd" means a herd of Cervidae that has met the qualifications for and has been issued a certified CWD cervid herd certificate signed by the state veterinarian.
"Cervidae" means all animals belonging to the Cervidae family.
"Cervid CWD surveillance identification program" "CCWDSI program" means a CWD surveillance program that requires identification and laboratory diagnosis on all deaths of Cervidae 12 months of age and older including, but not limited to, deaths by slaughter, hunting, illness, and injury. A copy of official laboratory reports shall be maintained by the owner for purposes of completion of the annual inventory examination for recertification. Such diagnosis shall include examination of brain and any other tissue as directed by the state veterinarian. If there are deaths for which tissues were not submitted for laboratory diagnosis due to postmortem changes or unavailability, the department shall determine compliance.
"Cervid dealer" means any person who engages in the business of buying, selling, trading, or negotiating the transfer of Cervidae, but not a person who purchases Cervidae exclusively for slaughter on the person’s own premises or buys and sells as part of a normal livestock production operation.
"Cervid herd" means a group of Cervidae or one or more groups of Cervidae maintained on common ground or under common ownership or supervision that are geographically separated but can have interchange or movement.
"Cervid herd of origin" means a cervid herd, or any farm or other premises, where the animals were born or where they currently reside.
"Chronic wasting disease" "CWD" means a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids.
"CWD affected" means a designation applied to Cervidae diagnosed as affected with CWD based on laboratory results, clinical signs, or epidemiologic investigation.
"CWD exposed" "exposed" means a designation applied to Cervidae that are either part of an affected herd or for which epidemiological investigation indicates contact with CWD affected animals, contact with animals from a CWD affected herd or contact with a contaminated premises in the past five years.
"CWD susceptible Cervidae" means whitetail deer, blacktail deer, mule deer, red deer, elk, moose, and related species and hybrids of these species.
"CWD suspect" "suspect" means a designation applied to Cervidae for which laboratory evidence or clinical signs suggest a diagnosis of CWD but for which laboratory results are inconclusive.
"Designated epidemiologist" means a veterinarian who has demonstrated the knowledge and ability to perform the functions required under these rules and who has been selected by the state veterinarian.
"Group" means one or more Cervidae.
"Individual herd plan" means a written herd management and testing plan that is designed by the herd owner, the owner’s veterinarian, if requested, and a designated epidemiologist to identify and eradicate CWD from an affected, exposed, or adjacent herd.
"Monitored CWD cervid herd" means a herd of Cervidae that is in compliance with the CCWDSI program as defined in this rule. Monitored herds are defined as one-year, two-year, three-year, four-year, and five-year monitored herds in accordance with the time in years such herds have been in compliance with the CCWDSI program.
"Official cervid CWD test" means an approved test to diagnose CWD conducted at an official laboratory.
"Official cervid identification" means one of the following:
- A USDA-approved identification ear tag that conforms to the alphanumeric national uniform ear tagging system as defined in 9 CFR Part 71.1, Chapter 1, revised as of January 9, 2013.
- A plastic or other material tag that includes the official herd number issued by the USDA, and includes individual animal identification which is no more than five digits and is unique for each animal.
- A legible tattoo which includes the official herd number issued by the USDA, and includes individual animal identification which is no more than five digits and is unique for each animal.
"Official laboratory" means a USDA-approved American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) accredited laboratory or the National Veterinary Services Laboratory, Ames, Iowa.
"Permit" means an official document that is issued by the state veterinarian or USDA area veterinarian-in-charge or an accredited veterinarian for movement of affected, suspect, or exposed animals.
"Quarantine" means an imposed restriction prohibiting movement of cervids to any location without specific written permits.
"State" means any state of the United States; the District of Columbia; Puerto Rico; the U.S. Virgin Islands; or Guam.
"Traceback" means the process of identifying the herd of origin of CCWDSI-positive animals, including herds that were sold for slaughter.
Related ARC(s): 0391C, 1024C2164.105(163) Supervision of the cervid CWD surveillance identification program. The state veterinarian’s office will conduct an annual inventory of Cervidae in a herd enrolled in the CCWDSI program.2164.106(163) Surveillance procedures. For cervid herds enrolled in this voluntary certification program, surveillance procedures shall include the following: 64.106(1) Slaughter establishments. All slaughtered Cervidae 12 months of age and older must have brain tissue submitted at slaughter and examined for CWD by an official laboratory. This brain tissue sample will be obtained by a state or federal meat inspector or accredited veterinarian on the premises at the time of slaughter. 64.106(2) Cervid herds. All cervid herds must be under continuous surveillance for CWD as defined in the CCWDSI program. 64.106(3) Identification. All cervid animals must receive the identification before 12 months of age and be identified with either: a. Two forms of official cervid identification, or b. One form of official cervid identification along with either a state-approved tag or a tag from the North American Elk Breeders Association or North American Deer Farmers Association.Related ARC(s): 0391C, 1024C2164.107(163) Official cervid tests. The following are recognized as official cervid tests for CWD:- Histopathology.
- Immunohistochemistry.
- Western blot.
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
- Any other tests performed by an official laboratory to confirm a diagnosis of CWD.
"All-in-all-out" means a management system whereby feeder swine are handled in groups kept “separate and apart” from other groups in a production facility. These groups are removed from the production facility with the completely vacated area being cleaned and sanitized prior to the introduction of another group.
"Aujeszky’s disease," commonly known as pseudorabies, means the disease wherein an animal is infected with Aujeszky’s disease virus, irrespective of the occurrence or absence of clinical symptoms.
"Breeding swine" means boars, sows and gilts used, or intended for use, exclusively for reproductive purposes.
"Department" means the Iowa department of agriculture and land stewardship.
"Exigent circumstances" means an extraordinary situation that the secretary concludes will impose an unjust and undue economic hardship if coupled with the imposition of these rules.
"Fertility center" means a premises where breeding swine are maintained for the purposes of the collection of semen, ovum, or other germplasm and for the distribution of semen, ovum, or other germplasm to other swine herds.
"Herd" means any group of swine maintained for 60 days or more on common ground for any purpose, or two or more groups of swine that have been intermingled without regard to pseudorabies status and are under common ownership or possession and that have been geographically separated within the state of Iowa. Two or more groups of swine are assumed to be one herd, unless an investigation by the epidemiologist has determined that intermingling and contact between groups has not occurred.
"Low incidence state/area" means a state or subdivision of a state with little or no incidence of pseudorabies and which qualifies for Stage III, or higher, and has been designated Stage III, or higher, by the National Pseudorabies Control Board as defined in the State/Federal Industry Program Standards for pseudorabies eradication; or an area outside the United States with a low incidence of pseudorabies determined by at least an equivalent testing protocol as is used to establish Stage III status.
"Native Iowa feeder pig" means a feeder pig farrowed in Iowa, and always located in Iowa.
"Premises" means a parcel of land together with buildings, enclosures and facilities sufficient for swine production.
"Restricted movement" means movement of swine in accordance with 2000 Iowa Acts, Senate File 2312, section 17.
"Vicinity" means a distance less than one-half mile.
2164.148(163, 166C) Pseudorabies tests and reports. Rescinded IAB 9/6/89, effective 10/11/89.2164.149(163, 166C) Approval of qualified pseudorabies negative herd. Rescinded IAB 9/6/89, effective 10/11/89.2164.150(163, 166C) Shipment of breeding swine and feeder pigs. Rescinded IAB 9/6/89, effective 10/11/89.2164.151(163, 166D) Quarantines. 64.151(1) Except for sales to slaughter or to pseudorabies-approved premises, owners of animals tested for pseudorabies shall hold the entire herd on the premises until results are determined. 64.151(2) Infected herds not on an approved cleanup plan. All known pseudorabies infected herds, not on an approved herd cleanup plan, are subject to restricted movement to slaughter according to 64.154(2)“c” and 64.155(8). 64.151(3) Quarantine releasing procedures. a. A heard of swine shall no longer be classified as a known infected herd after removal of all positive swine and at least one of the following three conditions have been met: (1) All swine have been removed and the premises have been cleaned and disinfected and maintained free of swine for 30 days or a period of time determined adequate by an official pseudorabies epidemiologist. (2) All swine seropositive to an official test have been removed and all remaining swine, except suckling pigs, are tested and found negative 30 days or more after removal of the seropositive animals. (3) All swine seropositive to an official test have been removed, and all breeding swine that remain in the herd and an official random sample consisting of at least 30 animals from each segregated group of grower-finisher swine over two months of age are tested and found negative 30 days or more after removal of the seropositive animals. A second test of grower-finisher swine at least 30 days after the first test is required. b. In nurseries and finishing herds without any breeding swine and where no pigs are received from quarantined premises, quarantines may be released as follows: (1) A negative official random-sample test consisting of at least 30 animals from each segregated group, conducted at least 30 days following depopulation with cleaning and disinfection of the premises and 7 days’ downtime, or (2) A negative official random-sample test consisting of at least 30 animals from each segregated group, conducted at least 30 days following a similar negative official random-sample test.A similar official random-sample test must then be conducted between 60 and 90 days following quarantine release.Any quarantine releasing procedure deviating from the above procedures or Iowa Code section 166D.9 must be approved by the official pseudorabies epidemiologist and the state veterinarian.2164.152(163, 166D) Nondifferentiable pseudorabies vaccine disapproved. The only pseudorabies vaccine or pseudorabies vaccine combination used in this state shall be a differentiable vaccine.After July 1, 1993, this vaccine must be differentiable by a licensed and approved differentiable pseudorabies test capable of determining gp1 negative swine vaccinated with a gp1 gene deleted vaccine.2164.153(166D) Pseudorabies disease program areas. 64.153(1) Pseudorabies disease program areas as declared by the Iowa department of agriculture and land stewardship: all counties in the state of Iowa. 64.153(2) All producers will permit sufficient swine in their herds to be tested at program expense to determine the health status of the herd at intervals during the course of the program as deemed necessary by the department.The owner shall confine the swine to be tested in a suitable place and restrain them in a suitable manner so that the proper tests can be applied. If the owner refuses to confine and restrain the swine, after reasonable time the department may employ sufficient help to properly confine and restrain them and the expense of such help shall be paid by the owner.The swine tested shall be sufficient in number, and by method of selection, to quality for the surveillance program required to attain and maintain the program stages according to the most recent “State-Federal-Industry Program Standards” for pseudorabies eradication. 64.153(3) No indemnities will be paid for condemned animals. 64.153(4) Any person possessing swine is required to provide the name and address of the owner or the owner’s agent to a representative of the department. 64.153(5) Beginning on October 1, 1999, all swine located within three miles of a pseudorabies-infected herd are required to be vaccinated with an approved pseudorabies vaccine within seven days of notification by a regulatory official. One dose of vaccine shall be administered to growing swine prior to 14 weeks of age or 100 pounds. Swine over six months of age or greater than 200 pounds, used or intended to be used for breeding, shall receive vaccine on a schedule designed to administer at least four doses throughout a 12-month period. The department may require a herd test to monitor both the pseudorabies status and the pseudorabies vaccine status of the herd.A waiver for this vaccination requirement may be issued by the state veterinarian, based on epidemiological investigation and risk determination. Herd testing, at a level determined by the pseudorabies epidemiologist, will be required as a condition for issuance of a vaccination waiver.In addition, beginning April 19, 2000, all swine located in a county designated as in Stage II of the national pseudorabies eradication program are required to be vaccinated with a modified-live differentiable vaccine. Breeding swine shall at a minimum receive quarterly vaccinations. Feeder swine shall at a minimum receive one vaccination administered when the swine reach 8 to 12 weeks of age or 100 pounds. These vaccination requirements shall be waived if: a. The swine are part of a herd’s being continuously maintained as a qualified negative herd; or b. The swine are part of a herd located within a county where both of the following conditions apply: (1) The department has determined that the county has a six-month history of 0 percent prevalence of pseudorabies infection among all herds in the county, and (2) All contiguous counties have a 0 percent prevalence of pseudorabies infection among herds in that county. 64.153(6) All premises containing swine which are located in the Stage II area of Iowa must have a monitoring test for the premises conducted between January 1, 2000, and August 31, 2000.2164.154(163, 166D) Identification. 64.154(1) All breeding and feeder swine being exhibited or having a change of ownership must be identified by a method approved by the Iowa department of agriculture and land stewardship. The identification shall be applied by the owner, the pig dealer, or the livestock dealer at the farm of origin or by the pig dealer or the livestock dealer at the first concentration point. 64.154(2) Approved identification. a. Breeding swine. (1) Ear tags or tattoos with an alphabetic or numeric system to provide unique identification for each animal. (2) Ear notches or ear tattoos, if applied according to the standard breed registry system. (3) Electronic devices, other devices, or marks which, when applied, will permanently and uniquely identify each animal. (4) Breeding swine qualified to move intrastate without individual tests may move without unique identification of each animal, if they are all identified as a group to the herd of origin by an official premises tattoo. b. Feeder swine. (1) Ear tags or tattoos with an alphabetic or numeric system to provide unique identification with each herd, each lot, or each individual swine. (2) Electronic devices, other devices, or marks which, when applied, will provide permanent identification with each herd, each lot, or each individual swine. c. Restricted movement swine. (1) All infected herds not on an approved herd cleanup plan shall only move swine directly to slaughter by restricted movement. All animals from infected herds must move by restricted movement to slaughter (slaughtering plant or fixed concentration point) or to an approved premises detailed in the herd cleanup plan. The department may, until a herd plan is approved and showing progress, require the movement of all slaughter swine by “direct movement,” to slaughter only, by a Permit for Restricted Movement to Slaughter which provides a description of the animals, the owner, the consignee, the date of movement, the destination, and the identification or vehicle seal number if applicable. These “restricted movement to slaughter only swine” shall be individually identified by approved metal ear tags applied at the farm of origin, if required. The transportation vehicle must be sealed at the farm of origin. This seal shall be applied by an accredited veterinarian. This seal shall be removed by an accredited veterinarian, USDA official, department official, or the person purchasing the swine upon arrival of the consignment at the destination indicated on the Permit for Restricted Movement to Slaughter.The ear tags shall have an alphabetic or numeric numbering system to provide unique identification with each herd, each lot, or each individual swine. They shall be applied prior to movement and listed on the Permit for Restricted Movement to Slaughter, if required. This Permit for Restricted Movement to Slaughter shall be issued and distributed by an accredited veterinarian as follows:- Original to accompany shipment.
- Mail a copy to the department.
- Veterinarian issuing permit will retain a copy.
- No clinical disease in the herd for the past 30 days.
- Complete herd vaccination documentation.
- Compliance with herd plan testing requirements.
- Concurrence of herd veterinarian and regulatory district veterinarian.
- All breeding swine, including boars, shall be tested within 14 days of the herd’s being classified as infected. Testing shall also include progeny, if applicable.
- All breeding swine must be identified by an approved ear tag, or other approved identification method, at the time of blood collection.
- Until August 1, 2000, all seropositive, unbred breeding swine must be removed from the herd by restricted movement, direct to slaughter (slaughtering plant or fixed concentration point), within 15 days after blood collection. All seropositive, bred swine must be removed from the herd by restricted movement, direct to slaughter (slaughtering plant or fixed concentration point), within 15 days of weaning. All replacement breeding stock must be vaccinated prior to addition into the herd and must be retested 60 days after entry into the herd. Effective August 1, 2000, all seropositive animals, bred or unbred, must be removed from the herd by restricted movement, direct to slaughter (slaughtering plant or fixed concentration point), within 15 days of the whole herd test. All known positive animals in the herd on August 1, 2000, must be removed from the herd by restricted movement, direct to slaughter (slaughtering plant or fixed concentration point), by August 15, 2000.
- A whole herd test shall be required within 30 days after the removal of the last known positive animal. Any additional seropositive animals must be removed from the herd by restricted movement, direct to slaughter, within 15 days of the collection date. Whole herd retests shall be required at 30-day intervals, with removal of positive animals within 15 days of the test, until it has been determined that the herd is noninfected.
- Seropositive swine must be removed from the herd, by restricted movement, direct to a buying station or to a slaughtering establishment.
- A description of the premises, including the location, capacity, physical layout, owner’s name, and herd number.
- Vaccination requirements:
- Every animal, unless such animal is within three weeks of anticipated slaughter, must be vaccinated with an approved pseudorabies vaccine within seven days of notification by a regulatory official.
- New animals introduced into the infected premises are to be vaccinated with an approved pseudorabies vaccine according to the timetable outlined in the herd plan.
- If, through subsequent testing, additional buildings on the site are determined to be infected, all swine on the site shall be managed by all-in, all-out production.
- Testing requirements:
- A minimum of 14 swine, selected randomly, per building, shall be tested immediately.
- Swine shall be retested, at a minimum of 14 animals, selected randomly, per building, every 45 days, if necessary, until the premises are determined to be noninfected.
- Description, restrictions, and requirements of pig flow through the facilities.
- All movements from infected finishing sites shall be by restricted movement and only to slaughter.
- The herd has not experienced clinical signs of pseudorabies within the previous 30 days.
- Maintain the breeding herd on an approved vaccination program, at least four times per year.
- Wean and segregate progeny by five weeks of age or less and maintain progeny group isolation until moved as feeder pigs.
- The herd must be visited at least quarterly by the herd veterinarian to monitor progress of herd cleanup plan; this shall include quarterly testing, if applicable, overseeing management procedures including all-in, all-out swine movement, ventilation, animal waste handling, sanitation, disinfection and vaccine handling.
- Feeder pigs may be marketed or moved intrastate as cooperator pigs by restricted movement to approved premises detailed in the herd cleanup plan provided that all requirements of this plan are followed.
- All feeder pigs must be vaccinated prior to sale. Vaccine shall be administered according to individual’s herd plan.
- All feeder pigs must be identified prior to sale with an official pink feeder pig ear tag, or a tattoo, approved by the department, beginning with the letters PR. All movement of feeder pigs from the herd shall be by restricted movement and only be allowed to approved premises detailed in the herd cleanup plan. All feeder pigs are quarantined to farm of destination until sold to slaughter. Movement to slaughter must be by restricted movement.
- Breeding swine shall move directly to slaughter, or an approved premises in compliance with Iowa Code section 166D.10 as amended by 2000 Iowa Acts, Senate File 2312, section 16, and as detailed in the herd cleanup plan, and by restricted movement. No swine from infected herds may be represented as breeding swine.
- The producer shall maintain a record of all test charts, all sales transactions by way of health certificates or restricted movement permits, and vaccine purchases for at least two years. These records shall be available to department officials upon request.
- When this herd is determined, through procedures as detailed in Iowa Code section 166D.9, to become a noninfected herd or is depopulated, the plan is completed.
- I agree, if this plan is not followed, is discontinued, or is not progressing in a satisfactory manner as determined by the department, the herd is a quarantined herd and subject to restricted movement, direct to slaughter or to an approved premises.
"Accredited veterinarian" means a veterinarian approved by the deputy administrator of veterinary services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the state veterinarian in accordance with Part 161 of Title 9, Chapter 1 of the Code of Federal Regulations, revised as of January 1, 2000, to perform functions required by cooperative state-federal animal disease control and eradication programs.
"Approved laboratory" means an American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) accredited laboratory or the National Veterinary Services Laboratory, Ames, Iowa. An approved laboratory must have successfully passed the Johne’s diagnostic proficiency test in the previous year.
"Certificate" means an official document that is issued at the point of origin by a state veterinarian, federal animal health official, or accredited veterinarian and contains information on the individual identification of each animal being moved, the number of animals, the purpose of the movement, the points of origin and destination, the consignor, the consignee, and any other information required by the state veterinarian.
"Designated epidemiologist" means a veterinarian who has demonstrated the knowledge and ability to perform the functions required under these rules and who has been selected by the state veterinarian.
"Individual herd plan" means a written herd management plan that is designed by the herd owner, the owner’s veterinarian, if requested, and a designated epidemiologist to identify and control Johne’s disease in an affected herd. The individual herd plan may include optional testing.
"Johne’s disease-affected animal" means an animal which has reacted positively to an organism-based detection test conducted by an approved laboratory.
"Permit" means an official document for movement of affected or exposed animals that is issued by the state veterinarian, USDA Area Veterinarian-in-Charge, or accredited veterinarian.
"State" means any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, or Guam.
Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.171(165A) Supervision of the Johne’s disease program. The state veterinarian’s office will provide supervision for the Johne’s disease program.Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.172(165A) Official Johne’s disease tests. Organism-based detection tests will be considered as official Johne’s disease tests. These tests include, but are not limited to, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests and bacteriological culture.Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.173(165A) Vaccination allowed. Vaccination against Johne’s disease is allowed with the permission of the state veterinarian. The herd owner requesting vaccination of the herd must sign and follow a Johne’s disease herd control plan consisting of best management practices designed to prevent the introduction of and control the spread of Johne’s disease. A risk assessment may be included as part of the herd control plan. The herd owner shall submit animal vaccination reports to the department on forms provided by the department.Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.174(165A) Herd plan. The herd owner, the owner’s veterinarian, if requested, and the designated epidemiologist may develop a plan for preventing the introduction of and controlling the spread of Johne’s disease in each affected herd.Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.175(165A) Identification and disposal requirements. Affected animals must remain on the premises where they are found until they are permanently identified by an accredited veterinarian applying a C-punch in the right ear of the animal. Affected animals may be moved only for the purpose of consigning the animal to slaughter.2164.176(165A) Segregation, cleaning, and disinfecting. Positive animals, consigned to slaughter through a state-federal approved auction market, must be maintained separate and apart from noninfected animals. Positive animals must be the last class of animal sold. Cleaning and disinfection of the alleyways, pen(s) and sale ring used to house positive animals must be accomplished prior to the next scheduled sale. Affected animals entering slaughter marketing channels must be moved directly to the slaughter facility or the slaughter market concentration point. Transportation vehicles used to haul affected animals shall be cleaned and disinfected after such use and before transporting any additional animals.2164.177(165A) Intrastate movement requirements. 64.177(1) Animals that are positive to an official Johne’s disease test may be moved from the farm of origin for slaughter only if the animals are moved directly to a recognized slaughtering establishment and accompanied by an owner-shipper statement that identifies the animals as positive to an official Johne’s disease test and the statement is delivered to the consignee. Positive animals shall be identified prior to movement by application of a C-punch in the right ear of the animal. 64.177(2) Animals that are positive to an official Johne’s disease test may be moved within Iowa for slaughter and consigned to a state-federal approved slaughter market if the animals are accompanied by an owner-shipper statement that identifies the animals as positive to an official Johne’s disease test and the statement is delivered to the consignee. Positive animals shall be identified prior to movement by application of a C-punch in the right ear of the animal. 64.177(3) Animals that are positive to an official Johne’s disease test may be moved within Iowa for purposes other than slaughter only by permit from the state veterinarian.Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.178(165A) Import requirements. 64.178(1) Animals that are positive to an official Johne’s disease test may be imported into Iowa for slaughter if the animals are moved directly to a recognized slaughtering establishment and accompanied by an owner-shipper statement that identifies the animals as positive to an official Johne’s disease test and the statement is delivered to the consignee. All animals must be officially identified. 64.178(2) Animals that are positive to an official Johne’s disease test may be imported into Iowa for slaughter and consigned to a state-federal approved slaughter market if the animals are accompanied by an owner-shipper statement that identifies the animals as positive to an official Johne’s disease test and the statement is delivered to the consignee. Positive animals shall be identified at the market, prior to sale, by application of a C-punch in the right ear of the animal. 64.178(3) Animals that are positive to an official Johne’s disease test may be imported into Iowa for purposes other than slaughter only by permit from the state veterinarian.Related ARC(s): 0230C2164.179 Reserved.2164.180 Reserved.2164.181 Reserved.2164.182 Reserved.2164.183 Reserved.2164.184 Reserved.These rules are intended to implement Iowa Code Supplement chapter 165A.LOW PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA (LPAI)2164.185(163) Definitions. Terms used in these rules are defined as follows:"Affected poultry flock" means a poultry flock from which any animal has been diagnosed as infected with LPAI and which is not in compliance with the provisions of the control program for LPAI as described in this chapter.
"Approved laboratory" means the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, or other American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) accredited laboratory, including the National Veterinary Services Laboratory, Ames, Iowa.
"Designated epidemiologist" means a state veterinarian who has demonstrated the knowledge and ability to perform the functions required under these rules and who has been selected by the state veterinarian.
"House/housing facilities" means the individual barn that houses the poultry.
"Individual flock plan" means a written flock management and testing plan that is designed by the flock owner, the owner’s veterinarian, if requested, and a designated epidemiologist to identify and eradicate LPAI from an affected or exposed flock and to prevent the spread of the disease to an adjacent flock.
"Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI)" means an infectious, contagious disease of poultry caused by Type A influenza virus. For the purposes of these rules, LPAI shall include only subtypes identified as H5 or H7.
"LPAI affected" means a designation applied to poultry diagnosed as infected with LPAI based on laboratory results, clinical signs, or epidemiologic investigation.
"LPAI suspect" means a designation applied to poultry for which laboratory evidence or clinical signs suggest a diagnosis of LPAI but for which laboratory results are inconclusive.
"Monitored LPAI poultry flock" means a flock of poultry that is in compliance with the surveillance and testing procedures set forth in these rules.
"Official avian influenza test" means an approved test conducted at a laboratory approved to diagnose avian influenza.
"Poultry" means commercial egg-laying and meat-producing chickens and commercial turkeys. “Poultry” also means breeder flocks.
"Poultry flock" means a group of poultry, generally of the same age, that are hatched, housed, managed, and sold together as one unit.
"Quarantine" means an imposed restriction prohibiting movement of poultry to any location without specific written permits.
"Slaughter/disposal" means the removal or depopulation of the poultry flock.
2164.186(163) Supervision of the low pathogenic avian influenza program. The state veterinarian’s office shall provide oversight and supervision of the LPAI program in Iowa.2164.187(163) Surveillance procedures. Surveillance procedures shall only apply to commercial poultry flocks of 10,000 or more layers, commercial chicken broiler operations with 10,000 or more broilers, and commercial turkey operations with 1,000 or more turkeys. Breeders that participate in, and qualify under, the USDA, APHIS, NPIP U.S. Avian Influenza Clean Program meet or exceed the surveillance provisions of this plan and are exempt from further certification under this rule. For poultry flocks, surveillance procedures shall include the following: 64.187(1) Turkeys and turkey poults. a. Preslaughter/movement testing. A minimum of six blood samples per flock may be collected and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing within 21 days prior to depopulation or movement; or b. Slaughter/disposal testing. Six blood samples per flock shall be collected at slaughter/disposal and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing. c. Sick flock testing. Twenty blood samples shall be collected between 10 days and 21 days after the onset of respiratory disease and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing, and 20 pharyngeal swabs shall be collected at onset of respiratory disease and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing. d. Routine serologic testing. A test for LPAI should be included. 64.187(2) Laying chickens and pre-lay pullets. a. Preslaughter/disposal/movement testing. Eleven blood samples shall be collected and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing within 30 days prior to depopulation or disposal of spent hens or movement of pre-lay pullets to another farm. b. Sick flock testing. Twenty blood samples shall be collected between 10 days and 21 days after the onset of respiratory disease and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing, and 20 pharyngeal swabs shall be collected at onset of respiratory disease and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing. c. Routine serologic testing. A test for LPAI of 11 birds per barn during a 12-month period shall be collected and forwarded. 64.187(3) Broiler chickens. a. Preslaughter testing. Eleven blood samples may be collected and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing within 21 days prior to depopulation; or b. Slaughter/disposal testing. Eleven blood samples shall be collected at slaughter/disposal and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing. c. Sick flock testing. Twenty blood samples shall be collected between 10 days and 21 days after the onset of respiratory disease and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing, and 20 pharyngeal swabs shall be collected at onset of respiratory disease and forwarded to an approved laboratory for LPAI testing. d. Routine serologic testing. A test for LPAI should be included.Related ARC(s): 1802C2164.188(163) Official LPAI tests. Official tests for LPAI are:- Agar Gel Precipitin (AGP);
- Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA);
- Any other tests performed by an approved laboratory to confirm a diagnosis of LPAI.Tests positive to screening for avian influenza through AGP, ELISA, and any other tests performed by an approved laboratory to confirm a diagnosis of LPAI must be forwarded to National Veterinary Services Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, for subtype testing.
- Influenza type A antigen detection tests approved by the state veterinarian. All influenza type A antigen detection tests performed shall be prior-approved by the state veterinarian, and all positive tests results shall be reported immediately to the state veterinarian. A monthly report of all test results shall be reported to the state veterinarian.
"Accredited veterinarian" means a veterinarian approved by the administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the state veterinarian in accordance with Part 161 of Title 9, Chapter 1 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), to perform functions required by cooperative state-federal animal disease control and eradication programs.
"Administrator" means the administrator of APHIS or any employee of USDA to whom the administrator has delegated authority to act on behalf of the administrator.
"Animal" means any sheep or goat.
"APHIS representative" means an individual employed by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in animal health activities who is authorized by the administrator to perform the functions and duties involved.
"Approved laboratory" means a diagnostic laboratory approved by APHIS to conduct tests for scrapie or genotypes on one or more tissues.
"Area veterinarian-in-charge" "AVIC" means the veterinary official of APHIS assigned by APHIS to supervise and perform the official animal health work of APHIS in Iowa.
"Breed associations and registries" means the organizations that maintain the permanent records of ancestry or pedigrees of animals (including each animal’s sire and dam), individual identification of animals, and ownership of animals.
"Certificate of Veterinary Inspection" "CVI" means an official document approved by the department and issued by a licensed accredited veterinarian at the point of origin of movement of animals.
"Commingle" means to group animals together in a manner that allows them to have physical contact with each other, including contact through a fence, but not limited contact. Commingling includes sharing the same section in a transportation unit where physical contact can occur.
"Designated scrapie epidemiologist" "DSE" means a state or federal veterinarian designated by the department and APHIS to make decisions about the use and interpretation of diagnostic tests and field investigation data and the management of flocks and animals of epidemiological significance to the scrapie program.
"Directly to slaughter" means movement from a farm to a place of business where animals are processed into meat, excluding movement through an auction market or livestock dealer’s place of business.
"Exposed animal" means any animal that has had contact with a scrapie-positive animal or had contact with a premises where a scrapie-positive animal has resided and for which a flock plan has not yet been completed. Exposed animals shall be evaluated by a state or federal veterinarian in concurrence with the DSE and state veterinarian and may be redesignated into a risk category according to genetic resistance and exposure and may be restricted or have restrictions removed in accordance with current USDA regulations.
"Exposed flock" means any flock in which:
- A scrapie-positive animal was born or gave birth; or
- A high-risk or suspect female animal currently resides; or
- A high-risk or suspect animal once resided that gave birth or aborted in the flock and from which tissues were not submitted for official scrapie testing.
"Flock" means a group of sheep or goats, or a mixture of both species, residing on the same premises or under common ownership or supervision on two or more premises with animal interchange between the premises. Changes in ownership of part or all of a flock do not change the identity of the flock or the regulatory requirements applicable to the flock.
"Flock identification number" "flock ID number" means the unique alphanumeric premises identification number that appears on the official identification issued to a flock, that conforms with the standards for an epidemiologically distinct premises, as outlined in 9 CFR 79.1, and that is assigned by USDA and approved by the department.
"Flock of origin" means the flock of birth for male animals and, for female animals, means the flock in which the animal most recently resided in which it either was born, gave birth, or resided during lambing or kidding.
"Flock plan" means a written flock management agreement signed by the owner of a flock, the accredited veterinarian, if one is employed by the owner, and a department or APHIS representative in which each participant agrees to undertake actions specified in the flock plan to control the spread of scrapie from, and eradicate scrapie in, an infected flock or source flock or to reduce the risk of the occurrence of scrapie in a flock that contains a high-risk or exposed animal. As part of a flock plan, the flock owner must provide the facilities and personnel needed to carry out the requirements of the flock plan. The flock plan must include the requirements in 9 CFR 54.8.
"Genetic susceptibility" means the animal’s likelihood, based upon the genotype of the animal, of developing scrapie following exposure to scrapie.
"High-risk animal" means:
- Any exposed female animal designated as genetically susceptible under current USDA guidelines;
- The female offspring of a scrapie-positive female animal; or
- Any other exposed female animal determined by the DSE to be a potential risk.
"Infected flock" means any flock in which the DSE has determined that a scrapie-positive female animal has resided, unless an epidemiological investigation conducted by the DSE shows that the animal did not give birth or abort in the flock.
"Interstate commerce" means trade, traffic, transportation, or other commerce between a place in a state and any place outside that state, or between points within a state but through any place outside that state.
"Limited contact" means incidental contact between animals away from the flock’s premises, such as at fairs, shows, exhibitions, markets, and sales; between ewes being inseminated, flushed, or implanted; or between rams at ram test or collection stations. Embryo transfer and artificial insemination equipment and surgical tools must be sterilized after each use in order for the contact to be considered limited contact. Limited contact does not include any contact with a female animal during or up to 30 days after she gave birth or aborted or when there is any visible vaginal discharge other than that associated with estrus. Limited contact does not include any activity in which uninhibited contact occurs, such as sharing an enclosure, sharing a section of a transport vehicle, or residing in other flocks for breeding or other purposes, except as allowed by scrapie flock certification program standards.
"Live-animal screening test" means any test used for the diagnosis of scrapie in a live animal, approved by APHIS, and conducted in a laboratory approved by APHIS.
"Noncompliant flock" means:
- Any source or infected flock whose owner declines to enter into a flock plan or postexposure management and monitoring plan (PEMMP) agreement within 60 days of the flock’s being designated as a source or infected flock;
- Any exposed flock whose owner fails to make animals available for testing within 60 days of notification, or as mutually agreed upon by the department and the owner, or whose owner fails to submit required postmortem samples;
- Any flock whose owner or manager has misrepresented, or who employs a person who has misrepresented, the scrapie status of an animal or has misrepresented any other information on a certificate, permit, owner statement, or other official document within the last five years;
- Any flock whose owner or manager has moved, or who employs a person who has moved, an animal in violation of this chapter within the last five years; or
- Any flock which does not meet the requirements of a flock plan or PEMMP.
"Official genotype test" means any test used to determine the genotype of a live or dead animal and conducted at an approved laboratory provided that the animal is officially identified and the samples used for the test are collected and shipped to the laboratory by either an accredited veterinarian or a department or APHIS representative.
"Official identification" "official ID" means identification approved by the department and APHIS for use in the scrapie eradication program in the state of Iowa. For sheep, official identification consists of (1) approved ear tags which include the flock ID number combined with an individual animal number; (2) approved unique, alphanumeric serial-numbered ear tags; or (3) ear tags approved for use with the scrapie flock certification program. For goats, official identification consists of any method of identification approved by the USDA, as outlined in 9 CFR 79.2.
"Official test" means any test used for the diagnosis of scrapie in a live or dead animal, approved by APHIS for that use, and conducted at an approved laboratory.
"Owner" means a person, partnership, company, corporation, or any other legal entity which has legal or rightful title to animals.
"Owner/seller statement form" means a written document to be completed by the owner or seller of animals that require official identification and includes the owner’s/seller’s name, address, and telephone number; date of transaction; the flock identification number; the number of animals involved; a statement indicating that the animals that require official identification have been officially identified and that the owner/seller will maintain records as to the origin of the individual animals for five years; and a signed owner statement.
"Owner statement" means a statement signed by the owner certifying that the sexually intact animals are not scrapie-positive, suspect, high-risk, or exposed and that they did not originate from an infected, source, exposed, or noncompliant flock.
"Permit" means an official document that has been issued by an APHIS or department representative or an authorized accredited veterinarian and allows the interstate movement of animals under quarantine. A seal may be required by the state veterinarian or AVIC.
"Postexposure management and monitoring plan" "PEMMP" means a written agreement signed by the owner of a flock, an accredited veterinarian, if one is employed by the owner, and a department or APHIS representative in which each participant agrees to undertake actions specified in the agreement to reduce the risk of the occurrence of scrapie and to monitor for the occurrence of scrapie in the flock for at least five years after the last high-risk or scrapie-positive animal is removed from the flock or after the last exposure of the flock to a scrapie-positive animal, unless the monitoring time is otherwise specified by a department or APHIS representative. As part of a postexposure management and monitoring plan, the flock owner must provide the facilities and personnel needed to carry out the requirements of the plan. The plan must include the requirements in 9 CFR 54.8.
"Premises" means the ground, area, buildings, and equipment occupied by one or more flocks of animals.
"Quarantine" means an imposed restriction prohibiting movement of animals to any location without specific written permits.
"Scrapie" means a nonfebrile, transmissible, insidious degenerative disease affecting the central nervous system of sheep and goats.
"Scrapie eradication program" "program" means the cooperative state-federal-industry program administered by APHIS and states to control and eradicate scrapie.
"Scrapie flock certification program" "SFCP" means a voluntary state-federal-industry cooperative program established and maintained to reduce the occurrence and spread of scrapie, to identify flocks that have been free of evidence of scrapie over specified time periods, and to contribute to the eventual eradication of scrapie. This program was formerly known as the voluntary scrapie flock certification program.
"Scrapie-positive animal" "positive animal" means an animal for which a diagnosis of scrapie has been made by an approved laboratory through one of the following methods:
- Histopathological examination of central nervous system (CNS) tissues from the animal for characteristic microscopic lesions of scrapie;
- The use of protease-resistant protein analysis methods, including but not limited to immunohistochemistry or western blotting, on CNS or peripheral tissue samples from a live or a dead animal for which a given method has been approved by the administrator for use on that tissue;
- Bioassay;
- Scrapie-associated fibrils (SAF) detected by electron microscopy; or
- Any other test method approved by the administrator in accordance with 9 CFR 54.10.
"Source flock" means a flock in which a department or APHIS representative has determined that at least one animal was born that was diagnosed as a scrapie-positive animal at an age of 72 months or less.
"State animal health official" means an individual employed by the department in animal health activities and authorized by the department to perform the functions involved.
"Suspect animal" means:
- A sheep or goat that exhibits any of the following possible signs of scrapie and that has been examined by an accredited veterinarian or a department or APHIS representative. Possible signs of scrapie include: weight loss despite retention of appetite; behavioral abnormalities; pruritus (itching); wool pulling; biting at legs or side; lip smacking; motor abnormalities such as incoordination, high-stepping gait of forelimbs, bunny hop movement of rear legs, or swaying of back end; increased sensitivity to noise and sudden movement; tremor, star gazing, head pressing, recumbency, or other signs of neurological disease or chronic wasting;
- A sheep or goat that has tested positive for scrapie or for the protease-resistant protein associated with scrapie on a live-animal screening test, or any other official test, unless the animal is designated as a scrapie-positive animal; or
- A sheep or goat that has tested inconclusive or suggestive of scrapie on an official test for scrapie.
"Trace" means all actions required to identify the flock of origin or flock of destination of an animal.
"Unofficial test" means any test used for the diagnosis of scrapie or for the detection of the protease-resistant protein associated with scrapie in a live or dead animal but that either has not been approved by APHIS or was not conducted at an approved diagnostic laboratory.
"Veterinary signature-stamped bill of sale" means a document allowed in Iowa in lieu of a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection for use when animals are sold through a licensed auction market and will remain in Iowa. The bill of sale shall contain the following statement: “I certify, as an accredited veterinarian, that these animals have been inspected by me and that they are not showing any signs of infectious, contagious, or communicable diseases (except where noted).” The signature of the veterinarian who inspected the animals at the sale must appear on the document.
2164.201(163) Supervision of the scrapie eradication program. The scrapie eradication program is a cooperative program between the department and APHIS and is supervised by full-time animal health veterinarians employed by the state or federal government.2164.202(163) Identification. Animals required to be officially identified shall have official identification applied upon, or before, departure from the current flock of origin by the flock owner or the owner’s agent. An animal that already has identification recognized as official for Iowa does not need to have any additional official identification applied. If an animal was not identified prior to departing from its flock of birth or if its identification has been lost, then the animal must be identified upon, or before, departing from the current flock in which the animal resides and the flock of birth, or previous flock of origin, should be recorded, if known. No person shall apply a flock ID tag to an animal that has not resided in that flock. If a sexually intact animal that requires official identification is of uncertain origin or if the animal is identified with a blue metal “meat only” tag or a red or yellow tag denoting exposure or test status, then the animal may not be used for breeding and must be restricted until slaughter. Animals that require official identification and enter the state of Iowa from other states must be identified with an identification that complies with 9 CFR 79.2. For sheep originating from out of state, ear tags that comply with 9 CFR 79.2 will be considered official identification in Iowa. For goats, either ear tags or tattoos that comply with 9 CFR 79.2 will be considered official identification in Iowa. 64.202(1) Sheep—official identification required. Sheep required to be officially identified include: a. All sexually intact sheep, unless specifically excluded in these rules; b. All sexually intact sheep for exhibition; c. All sheep over 18 months of age; d. All sheep residing in noncompliant flocks; e. All exposed, suspect, positive and high-risk sheep; and f. Sexually intact sheep of any age imported into Iowa, except as noted in 64.202(2). 64.202(2) Sheep—official identification not required. Sheep that do not require official identification include: a. Sheep under 18 months of age originating from outside the state of Iowa moving into an approved terminal feedlot, and any sheep under 18 months of age moving directly to slaughter; b. Wether sheep for exhibition, unless over 18 months of age; and c. Sheep moved for grazing or similar management reasons provided that the sheep are moved from a premises owned or leased by the owner of the sheep to another premises owned or leased by the owner of the sheep. 64.202(3) Goats—official identification required. Goats that require official identification include: a. Sexually intact goats that are registered, are used for exhibition, or have resided on the same premises with or been commingled with sheep, excluding limited contact; b. All goats residing in noncompliant flocks; and c. All exposed, suspect, positive and high-risk goats. 64.202(4) Goats—official identification not required. Goats that do not require official identification include: a. Goats under 18 months of age originating from outside the state of Iowa moving into an approved terminal feedlot, and any goats under 18 months of age moving directly to slaughter; b. Wether goats for exhibition; c. Goats raised and maintained apart from sheep and used exclusively for meat and fiber production; d. Pet goats raised and maintained apart from sheep and not registered or used for exhibition; e. Dairy goats raised and maintained apart from sheep and not registered or used for exhibition; and f. Goats moved for grazing or similar management reasons provided that the goats are moved from a premises owned or leased by the owner of the goats to another premises owned or leased by the owner of the goats.Note: Official identification requirements for goats will become identical to those for sheep 90 days following the disclosure of a case of scrapie in Iowa goats that cannot be attributed to exposure to sheep.2164.203(163) Restrictions on the removal of official identification. No person may remove or tamper with any approved means of identification required to be on sheep or goats, unless the identification must be removed for medical reasons, in which case new official identification must be applied to the animal as soon as possible and prior to commingling that could result in the loss of identity of the animal. A record documenting the change of official identification must be made.2164.204(163) Records. 64.204(1) Record-keeping requirements for owners. Records on every animal that requires official ID shall be maintained for five years from the time the animal leaves the flock or dies. For animals not born in the flock, records must include the flock-of-origin number or the previous owner’s name and address, date of acquisition, a description of the animal (sheep or goat, and breed or class), and flock of birth, if known. When official ID tags are applied, it is recommended that the owner correlate official ID with production records, such as lambing dates, for all breeding animals. The owner shall maintain a record of the name and address of the market or buyer, the date, the number of animals sold, and a description of the animals (sheep or goat, and breed or class) for all animals moved from the flock. The owner must supply the market or buyer with the owner’s flock ID number. A Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (CVI), or a veterinary signature-stamped bill of sale for animals purchased through Iowa markets, is required for every change of ownership of animals in Iowa, other than for animals sold to slaughter. A copy of the CVI or veterinary signature-stamped bill of sale must be maintained for every animal purchased, and for every animal sold privately, other than to slaughter. For animals sold to slaughter, records must show the date of sale, number of animals sold, and where or to whom sold. 64.204(2) Record-keeping requirements for auction markets. Markets must collect a completed and signed owner/seller statement form from each seller presenting animals that require official identification or must post where animals are unloaded signs which state that “sexually intact sheep or goats that are known to be scrapie-positive, suspect, high-risk, or exposed, or that originated from a known infected, source, exposed, or noncompliant flock may not be unloaded or sold through this market.” For animals identified by the market, the serial tag numbers applied to each seller’s animals must be recorded. Animals that require official identification, but that cannot be identified to their flock of origin shall not be sold as breeding animals. Bill-of-sale records must indicate the seller or flock ID number(s) or serial tag numbers of the animals involved and will serve as documentation of the buyers of animals presented by any particular seller. The market must always record, either on the owner/seller statement form or separately, the following information on all sexually intact animals that require official identification: the seller’s flock ID number or seller’s name and address, the name or flock ID number of the owner of the flock of origin if different from the seller, and the buyer’s name and address or buyer’s flock ID number. All animals moving interstate must depart from the market with either a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection or slaughter affidavit; all animals remaining in Iowa must depart from the market with a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection, veterinary signature-stamped bill of sale, or slaughter affidavit. Certificates of Veterinary Inspection for animals moving interstate must contain the statement set forth in 21—64.208(163). All of these documents must be made available for inspection upon request and maintained as official records for five years. 64.204(3) Record-keeping requirements for licensed sheep dealers. The dealer must either collect a completed and signed owner/seller statement form from the person from whom the dealer takes possession of the animals or must post signs as described in 64.204(2) if there is any possibility that the animals will move interstate, other than through slaughter channels. The dealer must always record, either on the owner/seller statement form or separately, the following information on all sexually intact animals that require official identification: the seller’s flock ID number or seller’s name and address and the name of the owner of the flock of origin, or flock-of-origin ID number, if different from the seller. For animals identified by the dealer, the serial tag number applied to each animal must be recorded. Animals that move interstate, other than to slaughter, must be inspected by a veterinarian and have a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection that includes the required statements as set forth in 21—64.208(163). All animals that do not go to slaughter must be inspected by a veterinarian and have a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection completed prior to sale, unless the animals are being sold at a licensed auction market where a veterinary inspection will occur. For animals that are taken to an auction market, the dealer must provide to the market for its records a list of all flock ID numbers or serial tag numbers in the group. For animals that are resorted and sold, records must identify all potential buyers of any animal acquired. Every effort should be made to maintain the identity of groups from the same flock, through separate penning or use of temporary ID, such as chalk marking, in order to simplify efforts to identify the final destination of individual animals. If animals are under 18 months of age and the dealer picks them up at the owner’s premises and delivers them directly to slaughter, then the official identification requirement may be waived; however, a record of the transaction must be maintained. Records must document the buyer’s name and address or buyer’s flock-of-origin ID number, date of sale, and animals sold for all private sales or sales to slaughter, so that animals can be traced to their final destination. All records must be kept for five years and made available for inspection upon request.2164.205(163) Responsibility of persons handling animals in commerce to ensure the official identification of animals. Licensed sheep dealers and auction markets and those that provide transport must ensure that animals are properly identified upon taking possession of the animals. Animals lacking official ID must either be declined or be identified by the licensed dealer or market with official ID issued to the dealer or market immediately upon the dealer’s or market’s taking possession, and prior to commingling of the animals.2164.206(163) Veterinarian’s responsibilities when identifying sheep or goats. Veterinarians may be called upon to officially identify animals and may be issued official identification for the animals in the form of the serial number ear tags for carrying out this duty. The veterinarian may apply the ID only if the flock-of-origin information is available. Sexually intact animals that require official identification and are of unknown origin shall not be used for breeding and must be restricted until slaughter. When animals are identified, the veterinarian applying the ID must record the serial tag number applied to each animal and the following information (this requirement may be accomplished by collecting a completed owner/seller statement form): the flock-of-origin ID number or name and address of the current owner, if different from the owner of the flock of origin, and the name and address of the buyer, if a change of ownership is occurring. The flock of birth should also be recorded, if known. These records must be kept for five years and made available for inspection upon request.2164.207(163) Flock plans. Infected and source flocks will be quarantined by the department upon the determination of their status. A written flock cleanup plan shall be signed by the owner of an infected or source flock, and the requirements set out in the plan shall be adhered to until its completion. The plan may consist of:- Whole flock depopulation;
- The removal of genetically susceptible female animals, suspect animals, positive animals, and the female offspring of positive female animals; or
- The removal of high-risk animals as defined in 9 CFR 79.4.