House File 2527 - Reprinted HOUSE FILE 2527 BY COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE (SUCCESSOR TO HSB 693) (As Amended and Passed by the House February 26, 2026 ) A BILL FOR An Act providing a limitation on civil or criminal liability 1 for any alleged actual or potential effect on climate caused 2 wholly or partly by a greenhouse gas emission. 3 BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF IOWA: 4 HF 2527 (3) 91 da/js/md

H.F. 2527 Section 1. NEW SECTION . 673B.1 Definitions. 1 As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise 2 requires: 3 1. “Agricultural commodity” means a farm animal or farm crop 4 as each is defined in section 673A.3. 5 2. a. “Agricultural source” means the location where an 6 agricultural commodity is produced, handled, housed, stored, 7 preserved, processed, distributed, or sold. 8 b. “Agricultural source” includes the location where an 9 agricultural retailer or agricultural service provider conducts 10 an activity. 11 3. “Greenhouse gas” means a gas derived from human activity 12 or a natural source that is any of the following: 13 a. Originating from any of the following: 14 (1) An agricultural source. 15 (2) A petroleum source. 16 (3) A renewable fuel source. 17 b. Any of the following gases: 18 (1) Carbon dioxide. 19 (2) Hydrofluorocarbons. 20 (3) Methane. 21 (4) Nitrogen trifluoride. 22 (5) Nitrous oxide. 23 (6) Sulfur hexafluoride. 24 (7) Perfluorocarbons. 25 4. “Petroleum source” means a location where petroleum or a 26 petroleum product is manufactured, stored, or dispensed. 27 5. “Regulatory authority” means the department of natural 28 resources or a federal agency regulating greenhouse gas 29 emissions, including the United States environmental protection 30 agency. 31 6. “Renewable fuel source” means a location where renewable 32 fuel, as defined in section 214A.1, is manufactured, stored, 33 or dispensed. 34 Sec. 2. NEW SECTION . 673B.2 Action based on climate —— 35 -1- HF 2527 (3) 91 da/js/md 1/ 3

H.F. 2527 limitation on liability. 1 1. Subject to section 673B.3, in any civil or criminal 2 action, a defendant is not liable, and is not subject to 3 any judicial remedy, under any principle of law or equity, 4 for damages or injury from any alleged actual or potential 5 effect on climate caused wholly or partly by a greenhouse gas 6 emission. 7 2. Subsection 1 applies regardless of the civil or criminal 8 action brought or type of relief sought, whether legal or 9 equitable. 10 3. A person bringing a civil or criminal action that alleges 11 damages or injury as described in subsection 1 must do all of 12 the following: 13 a. Specify each greenhouse gas emitted by the defendant that 14 as asserted gives rise to the civil or criminal action. 15 b. Show by clear and convincing evidence that unavoidable 16 and identifiable damage or injury has resulted or will 17 result as a direct cause of the defendant’s violation of an 18 enforceable statutory limitation or restriction or a valid, 19 enforceable operating, air, or other permit issued to the 20 defendant by a regulatory authority. 21 Sec. 3. NEW SECTION . 673B.3 Action based on climate —— 22 applicability. 23 Section 673B.2 applies unless the district court in the 24 civil or criminal case finds by clear and convincing evidence 25 that the defendant has violated any of the following: 26 1. An enforceable statutory limitation or restriction 27 governing the emission of a specific greenhouse gas originating 28 within this state. 29 2. An express term of a valid, enforceable operating, 30 air, or other permit issued to the defendant by a regulatory 31 authority that has jurisdiction over the defendant’s greenhouse 32 gas emissions. 33 Sec. 4. NEW SECTION . 673B.4 Statutory construction. 34 This chapter shall not be construed to create either a right 35 -2- HF 2527 (3) 91 da/js/md 2/ 3

H.F. 2527 to bring any civil or criminal action, or a judicial remedy, 1 under any principle of law or equity, based on the potential 2 effect on climate caused wholly or partly by a greenhouse gas 3 emission. 4 -3- HF 2527 (3) 91 da/js/md 3/ 3