Senate Study Bill 3013 - Introduced SENATE FILE _____ BY (PROPOSED COMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY BILL BY CHAIRPERSON McCLINTOCK) A BILL FOR An Act relating to the ownership of artificial intelligence 1 output and trained artificial intelligence. 2 BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF IOWA: 3 TLSB 5387XC (2) 91 dg/jh

S.F. _____ Section 1. NEW SECTION . 554J.1 Definitions. 1 For purposes of this chapter: 2 1. “Artificial intelligence” means a machine-based system 3 that, for any explicit or implicit objective, infers from the 4 input the system receives to generate output that can influence 5 physical or virtual environments. 6 2. “Input” means data, directives, or instructions that a 7 user provides to guide the creation of new output. 8 3. “Output” means new content that an artificial 9 intelligence generates based on a user’s input in relation to 10 the data used to train the artificial intelligence. “Output” 11 includes but is not limited to audio-visual media, images, 12 predictions, recommendations, and text. 13 4. “Train” means to expose an artificial intelligence to 14 data for the purpose of making the artificial intelligence 15 recognize patterns, relationships, and structures between data 16 so the artificial intelligence can employ knowledge of those 17 patterns, relationships, and structures to create new output. 18 5. “User” means a person that uses artificial intelligence 19 for the purpose of generating output. “User” does not include 20 a person giving data to an artificial intelligence for the 21 purpose of training the artificial intelligence. 22 Sec. 2. NEW SECTION . 554J.2 Ownership of output —— 23 ownership of trained artificial intelligence. 24 1. Subject to subsection 3, a user who provides input to an 25 artificial intelligence shall be the owner of the output the 26 artificial intelligence generates that was based on the user’s 27 input, provided that the output does not infringe on a third 28 party’s existing copyrights or intellectual property rights. 29 2. Subject to subsection 3, a person that trains an 30 artificial intelligence shall be the owner of artificial 31 intelligence that results from the training if all of the 32 following apply: 33 a. The training data was lawfully acquired and used for 34 training purposes. 35 -1- LSB 5387XC (2) 91 dg/jh 1/ 3

S.F. _____ b. The person has not transferred ownership rights of the 1 resulting artificial intelligence to another person through a 2 contract or agreement. 3 3. If a person uses artificial intelligence as a part of 4 the person’s employment duties, the resulting output or trained 5 artificial intelligence shall be the property of the person’s 6 employer if all of the following apply: 7 a. The person’s use of artificial intelligence is within the 8 scope of the person’s employment. 9 b. The person’s use of the artificial intelligence was 10 conducted under the direction and control of the employer. 11 c. If applicable, the output does not infringe on a third 12 party’s existing copyrights or intellectual property rights. 13 d. If applicable, the training data was lawfully acquired 14 and used for training purposes. 15 4. This section shall not be construed to grant ownership 16 of property if such a grant of ownership would infringe on a 17 preexisting copyright or other intellectual property right. 18 EXPLANATION 19 The inclusion of this explanation does not constitute agreement with 20 the explanation’s substance by the members of the general assembly. 21 This bill relates to the ownership of artificial 22 intelligence output and trained artificial intelligence. 23 The bill defines “artificial intelligence”, “input”, 24 “output”, “train”, and “user”. 25 The bill makes a user who provides input to an artificial 26 intelligence (AI) the owner of the output generated by the AI 27 that was based on the user’s input, provided that the output 28 does not infringe on a third party’s existing copyrights or 29 intellectual property rights. 30 The bill makes a person that trains an AI the owner of 31 AI that results from the training if the training data was 32 lawfully acquired and used for training purposes and the person 33 has not transferred ownership rights of the resulting AI 34 through a contract or agreement. 35 -2- LSB 5387XC (2) 91 dg/jh 2/ 3

S.F. _____ If a person uses AI as a part of the person’s employment 1 duties, the bill makes the resulting output or trained AI 2 the property of the person’s employer if certain conditions 3 detailed in the bill are met. 4 The bill shall not be construed to grant ownership of 5 property if such a grant of ownership would infringe on a 6 preexisting copyright or other intellectual property right. 7 -3- LSB 5387XC (2) 91 dg/jh 3/ 3