H.F. 2385 Section 1. Section 22.7, subsection 72, Code 2024, is 1 amended by striking the subsection. 2 Sec. 2. Section 48A.10A, subsection 1, Code 2024, is amended 3 to read as follows: 4 1. The state registrar shall compare lists of persons who 5 are registered to vote with the department of transportation’s 6 driver’s license and nonoperator’s identification card files 7 and shall, on an initial basis, issue a voter identification 8 card to each active, registered voter whose name does not 9 appear in the department of transportation’s files. The voter 10 identification card shall include the name of the registered 11 voter, a signature line above which the registered voter shall 12 sign the voter identification card, the registered voter’s 13 identification number assigned to the voter pursuant to section 14 47.7, subsection 2 , instructions on how the voter may track the 15 status of an absentee ballot, an additional four-digit personal 16 identification number assigned by the state commissioner, and 17 the times during which polling places will be open on election 18 days. 19 Sec. 3. Section 53.1, Code 2024, is amended to read as 20 follows: 21 53.1 Right to vote —— conditions power of attorney . 22 1. Any registered voter may, subject to the provisions of 23 this chapter , vote at any election: 24 a. When the voter expects to be absent on election day 25 during the time the polls are open from the precinct in which 26 the voter is a registered voter. 27 b. When, through illness or physical disability, the voter 28 expects to be prevented from going to the polls and voting on 29 election day. 30 c. When the voter expects to be unable to go to the polls 31 and vote on election day. 32 2. A person who has been designated to have power of 33 attorney by a registered voter does not have authority 34 to request or to cast an absentee ballot on behalf of the 35 -1- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 1/ 15

H.F. 2385 registered voter. 1 Sec. 4. Section 53.7, Code 2024, is amended to read as 2 follows: 3 53.7 Solicitation by public employees. 4 1. It shall be unlawful for any employee of the state or any 5 employee of a political subdivision to solicit any application 6 or request for application for an absentee ballot, or to take 7 an affidavit in connection with any absentee ballot while the 8 employee is on the employer’s premises or otherwise in the 9 course of employment. However, any such employee may take such 10 affidavit in connection with an absentee ballot which is cast 11 by the registered voter in person in the office where such 12 employee is employed in accordance with section 53.10 or 53.11 . 13 This subsection shall not apply to any elected official. 14 2. It is unlawful for any public officer or employee, 15 or any person acting under color of a public officer or 16 employee, to knowingly require a public employee to solicit an 17 application or request an application for an absentee ballot, 18 or to knowingly require an employee to take an affidavit or 19 request for an affidavit in connection with an absentee ballot 20 application . 21 Sec. 5. Section 53.8, Code 2024, is amended to read as 22 follows: 23 53.8 Ballot mailed. 24 1. a. Upon receipt of an application for an absentee ballot 25 and immediately after the absentee ballots are printed, but not 26 Not more than twenty forty-five days before the election, the 27 commissioner shall mail an absentee ballot to the applicant 28 within twenty-four hours each registered voter , except as 29 otherwise provided in subsection 3 . The absentee ballot 30 shall be sent to the registered voter by one of the following 31 methods: 32 (1) The absentee ballot shall be enclosed in an unsealed 33 envelope marked with a serial number and affidavit. The 34 absentee ballot and affidavit envelope shall be enclosed in 35 -2- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 2/ 15

H.F. 2385 or with an unsealed return envelope marked postage paid which 1 bears the same serial number as the affidavit envelope. The 2 absentee ballot, affidavit envelope, and return envelope shall 3 be enclosed in a third envelope to be sent to the registered 4 voter. If the ballot cannot be folded so that all of the votes 5 cast on the ballot will be hidden, the commissioner shall also 6 enclose a secrecy envelope with the absentee ballot. 7 (2) The absentee ballot shall be enclosed in an unsealed 8 return envelope marked with a serial number and affidavit 9 and marked postage paid. The absentee ballot and return 10 envelope shall be enclosed in a second envelope to be sent 11 to the registered voter. If the ballot cannot be folded so 12 that all of the votes cast on the ballot will be hidden, the 13 commissioner shall also enclose a secrecy envelope with the 14 absentee ballot. 15 b. The affidavit shall be marked on the appropriate envelope 16 in a form prescribed by the state commissioner of elections. 17 c. For envelopes mailed at any election other than the 18 primary election, the commissioner shall not mark any envelope 19 with any information related to the party affiliation of the 20 applicant registered voter . 21 2. a. The commissioner shall enclose with the absentee 22 ballot a statement informing the applicant registered 23 voter that the sealed return envelope may be mailed to the 24 commissioner by the registered voter or a person not prohibited 25 to collect and deliver a completed ballot pursuant to section 26 53.33 , may be returned to a drop box established by the 27 commissioner pursuant to section 53.17, subsection 1 , by the 28 registered voter or a person not prohibited to collect and 29 deliver a completed ballot pursuant to section 53.33 , only 30 if the commissioner has established such a drop box, or may 31 be personally delivered to the commissioner’s office by the 32 registered voter or a person not prohibited to collect and 33 deliver a completed ballot pursuant to section 53.33 . The 34 statement shall also inform the voter that the voter may 35 -3- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 3/ 15

H.F. 2385 request that the person not prohibited to collect and deliver a 1 completed ballot pursuant to section 53.33 complete a receipt 2 when retrieving the ballot from the voter and that the status 3 of the absentee ballot may be checked on the internet site of 4 the secretary of state . A blank receipt shall be enclosed with 5 the absentee ballot. 6 b. If an application is received so late that it is unlikely 7 that the absentee ballot can be returned in time to be counted 8 on election day, the commissioner shall enclose with the 9 absentee ballot a statement to that effect. 10 3. a. When an application for an absentee ballot is 11 received mailed by the commissioner of any county from to a 12 registered voter who is a patient in a hospital in that county, 13 a tenant of an assisted living program in that county as shown 14 by the list of certifications provided the commissioner under 15 section 231C.21 , or a resident of any facility in that county 16 shown to be a health care facility by the list of licenses 17 provided the commissioner under section 135C.29 , the absentee 18 ballot shall be delivered to the voter and returned to the 19 commissioner in the manner prescribed by section 53.22 . For 20 purposes of this paragraph, “assisted living program” means a 21 program certified pursuant to section 231C.3 that meets the 22 standards for a dementia-specific assisted living program, as 23 established by rule by the department of inspections, appeals, 24 and licensing. 25 b. (1) If the application is received more than five 26 days before the ballots are printed and the commissioner has 27 elected to have the ballots personally delivered during the 28 ten-day period after the ballots are printed, the commissioner 29 shall mail to the applicant within twenty-four hours a letter 30 in substantially the following form: The state commissioner 31 shall adopt rules regarding the delivery and return of absentee 32 ballots pursuant to this subsection. 33 Your application for an absentee ballot for the election 34 to be held on ...... has been received. This ballot will 35 -4- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 4/ 15

H.F. 2385 be personally delivered to you by a bipartisan team sometime 1 during the ten days after the ballots are printed. If you will 2 not be at the address from which your application was sent 3 during any or all of the ten-day period immediately following 4 the printing of the ballots, the ballot will be personally 5 delivered to you sometime during the fourteen days preceding 6 the election. If you will not be at the address from which 7 your application was sent during either of these time periods, 8 contact this office and arrangements will be made to have your 9 absentee ballot delivered at a time when you will be present at 10 that address. 11 (2) If the application is received more than fourteen 12 calendar days before the election and the commissioner has not 13 elected to mail absentee ballots to applicants as provided 14 under section 53.22, subsection 4 , and has not elected to have 15 the absentee ballots personally delivered during the ten-day 16 period after the ballots are printed, the commissioner shall 17 mail to the applicant within twenty-four hours a letter in 18 substantially the following form: 19 Your application for an absentee ballot for the election 20 to be held on ...... has been received. This ballot will 21 be personally delivered to you by a bipartisan team sometime 22 during the fourteen days preceding the election. If you will 23 not be at the address from which your application was sent 24 during any or all of the fourteen-day period immediately 25 preceding the election, contact this office and arrangements 26 will be made to have your absentee ballot delivered at a time 27 when you will be present at that address. 28 c. Nothing in this subsection nor in section 53.22 29 shall be construed to prohibit a registered voter who is a 30 hospital patient or resident of a health care facility, or who 31 anticipates entering a hospital or health care facility before 32 the date of a forthcoming election, from casting an absentee 33 ballot in the manner prescribed by section 53.10 or 53.11 . 34 4. The commissioner and the state commissioner shall not 35 -5- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 5/ 15

H.F. 2385 mail an absentee ballot to a person who has not submitted an 1 application for an absentee ballot. 2 Sec. 6. Section 53.10, subsection 2, Code 2024, is amended 3 to read as follows: 4 2. a. Each person who wishes to vote by absentee ballot 5 at the commissioner’s office shall first sign an application 6 for a ballot including the following information: name, 7 current address, voter verification number, and the election 8 for which the ballot is requested. The person may report a 9 change of address or other information on the person’s voter 10 registration record at that time. Prior to furnishing a 11 ballot, the commissioner shall verify the person’s identity 12 as provided in section 49.78 . The registered voter shall 13 immediately mark the ballot; enclose the ballot in a secrecy 14 envelope, if necessary, and seal it in the envelope marked 15 with the affidavit; subscribe to the affidavit on the reverse 16 side of the envelope; and return the absentee ballot to the 17 commissioner. The commissioner shall record the numbers 18 appearing on the application and affidavit envelope along with 19 the name of the registered voter. 20 b. For purposes of this subsection , “voter verification 21 number” means the registered voter’s driver’s license number 22 or nonoperator’s identification card number assigned to the 23 voter by the department of transportation or the registered 24 voter’s identification number assigned to the voter by the 25 state commissioner pursuant to section 47.7, subsection 2 . 26 Sec. 7. Section 53.12, Code 2024, is amended to read as 27 follows: 28 53.12 Duty of commissioner. 29 The commissioner shall enclose the absentee ballot in 30 an unsealed envelope, to be furnished by the commissioner, 31 which envelope shall bear upon its face the words “county 32 commissioner of elections”, the address of the commissioner’s 33 office, and the same a serial number appearing on the unsealed 34 envelope shall be affixed to the application . 35 -6- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 6/ 15

H.F. 2385 Sec. 8. Section 53.18, subsections 1 and 3, Code 2024, are 1 amended to read as follows: 2 1. When the return envelope containing the completed 3 absentee ballot is received by the commissioner, the 4 commissioner shall at once electronically record receipt of 5 such ballot. Absentee ballots shall be stored in a secure 6 place until they are delivered to the absentee and special 7 voters precinct board. 8 3. If the affidavit envelope or the return envelope marked 9 with the affidavit contains a defect that would cause the 10 absentee ballot to be rejected by the absentee and special 11 voters precinct board, the commissioner shall immediately 12 notify the voter of that fact and that the voter’s absentee 13 ballot shall not be counted unless the voter requests and 14 returns a replacement ballot in the time permitted under 15 section 53.17, subsection 2 . For the purposes of this section , 16 a return envelope marked with the affidavit shall be considered 17 to contain a defect if it appears to the commissioner that 18 the signature on the envelope has been signed by someone 19 other than the registered voter, in comparing the signature 20 on the envelope to the signature on record of the registered 21 voter named on the envelope. A signature or marking made 22 in accordance with section 39.3, subsection 17 , shall not 23 be considered a defect for purposes of this section . The 24 voter may request a replacement ballot in person, in writing, 25 or over the telephone. The same serial number that was 26 assigned to the records of the original absentee ballot 27 application shall be used on the envelope and records of the 28 replacement ballot. The envelope marked with the affidavit and 29 containing the completed replacement ballot shall be marked 30 “Replacement ballot”. The envelope marked with the affidavit 31 and containing the original ballot shall be marked “Defective” 32 and the replacement ballot shall be attached to such envelope 33 containing the original ballot and shall be stored in a secure 34 place until they are delivered to the absentee and special 35 -7- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 7/ 15

H.F. 2385 voters precinct board, notwithstanding sections 53.26 and 1 53.27 . 2 Sec. 9. Section 53.19, subsection 1, Code 2024, is amended 3 to read as follows: 4 1. The commissioner shall maintain a list of the absentee 5 ballots provided to registered voters, the serial number 6 appearing on the unsealed envelope, the date the application 7 for the absentee ballot was received, the date the absentee 8 ballot was sent to the registered voter requesting the absentee 9 ballot , the date the absentee ballot was received by the 10 commissioner, the date the absentee ballot outer envelope 11 was opened, and whether the ballot was delivered by mail, in 12 person, to a ballot drop box, or cast in person at a satellite 13 location. The information under this subsection shall be 14 reported separately at the same time as the information 15 reported under section 53.30, subsection 3 . 16 Sec. 10. Section 53.19, subsection 3, paragraph b, Code 17 2024, is amended to read as follows: 18 b. A registered voter who has requested an absentee ballot 19 by mail but for any reason has not received it an absentee 20 ballot by mail or who has not brought the ballot to the polls 21 may appear at the voter’s precinct polling place on election 22 day and, after the precinct election officials confirm the 23 commissioner has not received the voter’s absentee ballot, the 24 voter shall be permitted to vote in person at the polls. If 25 the precinct election officials are unable to confirm whether 26 the commissioner has received the voter’s absentee ballot, the 27 voter shall cast a ballot in accordance with section 49.81 . 28 Sec. 11. Section 53.21, subsection 1, Code 2024, is amended 29 to read as follows: 30 1. A voter who has requested an absentee ballot may obtain 31 a replacement absentee ballot if the voter declares that the 32 original ballot was lost or did not arrive. The commissioner 33 upon receipt of a written or oral request for a replacement 34 ballot shall provide a duplicate ballot. The same serial 35 -8- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 8/ 15

H.F. 2385 number that was assigned to the records of the original 1 absentee ballot request shall be used on the envelopes and 2 records of the replacement ballot. 3 Sec. 12. Section 53.21, subsection 2, paragraph a, Code 4 2024, is amended to read as follows: 5 a. The commissioner shall include with the replacement 6 ballot two copies of a statement in substantially the following 7 form: 8 The My absentee ballot which I requested on ........ (date) 9 has been lost or was never received. If I find this absentee 10 ballot I will return it, unvoted, to the commissioner. 11 ......... 12 (Signature of voter) 13 ......... 14 (Date) 15 Sec. 13. Section 53.22, subsection 2, paragraph a, 16 subparagraph (1), Code 2024, is amended to read as follows: 17 (1) A registered voter who has applied for an absentee 18 ballot, in a manner other than that prescribed by section 53.10 19 or 53.11 , and who is a resident, tenant, or patient in a health 20 care facility, assisted living program, or hospital located in 21 the county to which the application has been submitted shall 22 be delivered the appropriate absentee ballot by two special 23 precinct election officers, one of whom shall be a member of 24 each of the political parties referred to in section 49.13 , who 25 shall be appointed by the commissioner from the election board 26 panel for the special precinct established by section 53.20 . 27 The special precinct election officers shall be sworn in the 28 manner provided by section 49.75 for election board members, 29 shall receive compensation as provided in section 49.20 , 30 and shall perform their duties during the ten calendar days 31 after the ballots are printed if the commissioner so elects, 32 during the fourteen calendar days preceding the election, and 33 on election day if all ballots requested under section 53.8, 34 subsection 3 , have not previously been delivered and returned. 35 -9- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 9/ 15

H.F. 2385 Sec. 14. Section 53.22, subsection 2, paragraphs b and c, 1 Code 2024, are amended to read as follows: 2 b. If an applicant under a registered voter subject to this 3 subsection notifies the commissioner that the applicant voter 4 will not be available at the health care facility, assisted 5 living program, or hospital address at any time during the 6 ten-day period after the ballots are printed, if applicable, 7 or during the fourteen-day period immediately prior to the 8 election, but will be available there at some other time prior 9 to the election or on election day, the commissioner shall 10 direct the two special precinct election officers to deliver 11 the applicant’s ballot at an appropriate time preceding the 12 election or on election day. If a person who so requested an 13 absentee ballot voter has been dismissed from the health care 14 facility or hospital, or is no longer a tenant of the assisted 15 living program, the special precinct election officers may take 16 the ballot to the voter if the voter is currently residing in 17 the county. 18 c. The special precinct election officers shall travel 19 together in the same vehicle and both shall be present when 20 an applicant a voter casts an absentee ballot. If either 21 or both of the special precinct election officers fail to 22 appear at the time the duties set forth in this section are 23 to be performed, the commissioner shall at once appoint some 24 other person, giving preference to persons designated by 25 the respective county chairpersons of the political parties 26 described in section 49.13 , to carry out the requirements of 27 this section . The persons authorized by this subsection to 28 deliver an absentee ballot to an applicant a voter , and, if 29 requested, may assist the applicant voter in filling out the 30 ballot as permitted by section 49.90 . After the voter has 31 securely sealed the marked ballot in the envelope provided and 32 has subscribed to the oath, the voted absentee ballots shall 33 be deposited in a sealed container which shall be returned to 34 the commissioner on the same day the ballots are voted. On 35 -10- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 10/ 15

H.F. 2385 election day the officers shall return the sealed container by 1 the time the polls are closed. 2 Sec. 15. Section 53.22, subsections 3, 4, and 5, Code 2024, 3 are amended to read as follows: 4 3. Any registered voter who becomes a patient, tenant, or 5 resident of a hospital, assisted living program, or health 6 care facility in the county where the voter is registered 7 to vote after the deadline to make a written application 8 for an absentee ballot as provided in section 53.2 within 9 three days prior to the date of any election or on election 10 day may request an absentee ballot during that period or on 11 election day. As an alternative to the application procedure 12 prescribed by section 53.2 , the The registered voter may make 13 the request directly to the officers who are delivering and 14 returning absentee ballots under this section . Alternatively, 15 the request may be made by telephone to the office of the 16 commissioner not later than four hours before the close of the 17 polls. If the requester is found to be a registered voter 18 of that county, these officers shall deliver the appropriate 19 absentee ballot to the registered voter in the manner 20 prescribed by this section . 21 4. For any election except a primary or general election 22 or a special election to fill a vacancy under section 69.14 , 23 the commissioner may, as an alternative to subsection 2 , mail 24 an absentee ballot to an applicant a registered voter under 25 this section to be voted and returned to the commissioner in 26 accordance with this chapter . This subsection only applies 27 to applications for absentee ballots from for a single health 28 care facility, assisted living program, or hospital if there 29 are no more than two applications from that facility, program, 30 or hospital. 31 5. The commissioner shall mail an absentee ballot to a 32 registered voter who has applied for an absentee ballot and 33 who is a patient, tenant, or resident of a hospital, assisted 34 living program, or health care facility outside the county in 35 -11- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 11/ 15

H.F. 2385 which the voter is registered to vote. 1 Sec. 16. Section 53.22, subsection 6, paragraph a, Code 2 2024, is amended to read as follows: 3 a. If the registered voter becomes a patient, tenant, or 4 resident of a hospital, assisted living program, or health care 5 facility outside the county where the voter is registered to 6 vote after the deadline to make a written application for an 7 absentee ballot as provided in section 53.2 within three days 8 of any election or on election day, the voter may designate a 9 person to deliver and return the absentee ballot. The designee 10 shall be a person not prohibited to collect and deliver a 11 completed ballot pursuant to section 53.33 . The request for 12 an absentee ballot may be made by telephone to the office of 13 the commissioner not later than four hours before the close of 14 the polls. If the requester is found to be a registered voter 15 of that county, the ballot shall be delivered by mail or by the 16 person designated by the voter. An application form shall be 17 included with the absentee ballot and shall be signed by the 18 voter and returned with the ballot. 19 Sec. 17. Section 53.23, subsection 3, paragraph c, Code 20 2024, is amended to read as follows: 21 c. The commissioner may shall convene the special precinct 22 election board on the day before the election on November 1 to 23 begin counting absentee ballots. However, if in the preceding 24 general election the counting of absentee ballots was not 25 completed by 10:00 p.m. on election day, the commissioner shall 26 convene the special precinct election board on the day before 27 the next general election to begin counting absentee ballots. 28 The board shall not release the results of its tabulation 29 pursuant to this paragraph until the count is completed on 30 election day. 31 Sec. 18. Section 53.23, subsection 4, Code 2024, is amended 32 to read as follows: 33 4. The room where members of the special precinct election 34 board are engaged in counting absentee ballots on the day 35 -12- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 12/ 15

H.F. 2385 before the election pursuant to subsection 3 , paragraph “c” , 1 or during the hours the polls are open shall be policed so 2 as to prevent any person other than those whose presence is 3 authorized by this subsection from obtaining information 4 about the progress of the count. The only persons who may 5 be admitted to that room are the members of the board, five 6 challengers representing each political party, one observer 7 representing any nonparty political organization or any 8 candidate nominated by petition pursuant to chapter 45 or 9 any other nonpartisan candidate in a city or school election 10 appearing on the ballot of the election in progress, one 11 observer representing persons supporting a public measure 12 appearing on the ballot and one observer representing 13 persons opposed to such measure, and the commissioner or the 14 commissioner’s designee. It shall be unlawful for any of these 15 persons to communicate or attempt to communicate, directly or 16 indirectly, information regarding the progress of the count at 17 any time while the board is convened pursuant to subsection 3 , 18 paragraph “c” , or at any time before the polls are closed. 19 Sec. 19. Section 53.39, subsection 1, Code 2024, is amended 20 to read as follows: 21 1. Section 53.2 does not apply in the case of a qualified 22 voter of the state of Iowa serving in the armed forces of the 23 United States. In any such case an application for ballot as 24 provided for in that section is not required and an An absent 25 voter’s ballot shall be sent or made available to any such 26 a qualified voter of the state of Iowa serving in the armed 27 forces of the United States upon a request as provided in this 28 subchapter . 29 Sec. 20. Section 53.45, subsection 4, Code 2024, is amended 30 to read as follows: 31 4. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 53.49 , 32 an eligible elector who requests a special absentee ballot 33 under this section may also make application for an absentee 34 ballot under section 53.2 or an armed forces absentee ballot 35 -13- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 13/ 15

H.F. 2385 under section 53.40 . If the regular absentee or armed forces 1 absentee ballot is properly voted and returned, the special 2 absentee ballot is void and the commissioner shall reject it in 3 whole when special absentee ballots are canvassed. 4 Sec. 21. Section 53.49, Code 2024, is amended to read as 5 follows: 6 53.49 Applicable to armed forces and other citizens. 7 The provisions of this subchapter as to absent voting shall 8 apply only to absent voters in the armed forces of the United 9 States as defined for the purpose of absentee voting in section 10 53.37 . The provisions of sections section 53.1 and sections 11 53.4 through 53.33 shall apply to all other voters not members 12 of the armed forces of the United States. 13 Sec. 22. REPEAL. Sections 53.2 and 53.3, Code 2024, are 14 repealed. 15 Sec. 23. IMPLEMENTATION OF ACT. Section 25B.2, subsection 16 3, shall not apply to this Act. 17 Sec. 24. APPLICABILITY. This Act applies to all elections 18 taking place on or after July 1, 2024. 19 EXPLANATION 20 The inclusion of this explanation does not constitute agreement with 21 the explanation’s substance by the members of the general assembly. 22 This bill relates to the mailing of absentee ballots. 23 The bill requires county commissioners of elections to 24 automatically mail absentee ballots to all registered voters 25 45 days before an election and to electronically confirm the 26 receipt of returned absentee ballots. Current law requires 27 registered voters to submit an application prior to receiving 28 an absentee ballot, and provides that commissioners mail 29 absentee ballots not earlier than 20 days before the election. 30 The special precinct election board must convene starting on 31 November 1 to begin counting ballots. 32 The bill requires voter registration cards and absentee 33 ballots to include instructions on how absentee ballots may be 34 tracked by the voter. The bill may include a state mandate as 35 -14- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 14/ 15

H.F. 2385 defined in Code section 25B.3. The bill makes inapplicable 1 Code section 25B.2, subsection 3, which would relieve a 2 political subdivision from complying with a state mandate if 3 funding for the cost of the state mandate is not provided or 4 specified. Therefore, political subdivisions are required to 5 comply with any state mandate included in the bill. 6 The bill applies to all elections taking place on or after 7 July 1, 2024. 8 -15- LSB 5695YH (3) 90 ss/ns 15/ 15