282—13.26 (272) Requirements for elementary endorsements.
	   13.26(1) Teacher—prekindergarten-kindergarten.
	      a.    	  Authorization. The holder of this endorsement is authorized to teach at the prekindergarten-kindergarten level. Applicants for this endorsement must also hold the teacher—elementary classroom endorsement set forth in subrule 13.26(4) or the early childhood special education endorsement set forth in 282—subrule 14.2(1).
	      b.    	  Content. Coursework must total a minimum of 18 semester hours and shall include the following:
	       (1)  	 Child development and learning to include young children’s characteristics and needs, with an emphasis on cognitive, language, physical, social, and emotional development, both typical and atypical, the multiple interacting influences on early development, and the creation of environments that are healthy, respectful, supportive, and challenging for each and every child.
	       (2)  	 Building family and community relationships to include understanding that successful early childhood education depends upon reciprocal and respectful partnerships with families, communities, and agencies, that these partnerships have complex and diverse characteristics, and that all families should be involved in their children’s development and learning.
	       (3)  	 Assessment in early childhood to include child observation, documentation, and data collection, the development of appropriate goals, the benefits and uses of assessment for curriculum and instructional strategies, the use of technology when appropriate for assessment and adaptations, and building assessment partnerships with families to positively influence the development of each child.
	       (4)  	 Developmentally effective approaches to include understanding how positive relationships and supportive interactions are the foundation of working with young children and families; knowing and understanding a wide array of developmentally appropriate approaches, including play and creativity, instructional strategies, and tools to connect with children and families; and reflecting on the teacher’s own practice to promote positive outcomes for each child.
	       (5)  	 Content knowledge to build a meaningful curriculum through the use of academic disciplines, including language and literacy, the arts (music, drama, dance, and visual arts), mathematics, science, social studies, physical activity, and health, for designing, implementing, and evaluating inquiry-based experiences that promote positive development and learning for each child.
	       (6)  	 Collaboration and professionalism to include involvement in the early childhood field, knowledge about ethical and early childhood professional standards, engagement in continuous collaborative learning to inform practice, reflective and critical perspectives on early childhood education, and informed advocacy for young children and the profession.
	       (7)  	 Field experiences and opportunities to observe and practice in a variety of early childhood settings, which include, at a minimum, 40 hours of observation and practice in a variety of preschool settings such as urban, rural, socioeconomic status, cultural diversity, program types, and program sponsorship.
	       (8)  	 Historical, philosophical, and social foundations of early childhood education.
	       (9)  	 Student teaching in a prekindergarten setting as required in rule 281—79.14(256).
	   13.26(2) Teacher—birth through grade three, inclusive settings.
	      a.    	  Authorization. The holder of this endorsement is authorized to teach children from birth through grade three in inclusive settings.
	      b.    	  Content.
	       (1)  	 Promoting child development and learning and individual learning differences.
	      1. 	  Understand the nature of child growth and development for infants and toddlers (birth through age 2), preprimary (age 3 through age 5) and primary school children (age 6 through age 8), both typical and atypical, in areas of cognition, language development, physical motor, social-emotional, mental health, aesthetics, and adaptive behavior and how these impact development and learning in the first years of life, including the etiology, characteristics, and classifications of common disabilities in infants and young children and specific implications for development and learning.
	      2. 	  Recognize that children are best understood in the contexts of family, culture and society and that cultural and linguistic diversity, stress, risk factors, biological and environmental factors, family strengths, and trauma influence development and learning at all stages, including pre-, peri-, and postnatal development and learning. Communicate the importance of responsive care to a child’s development of identity and sense of self.
	      3. 	  Use developmental knowledge to create learning environments and classroom procedures that promote positive social interaction, active engagement, high expectations for learning, mutual respect, and self-regulation through individually appropriate expectations and positive guidance techniques for each child to meet the child’s optimum potential regardless of proficiency. Implement and evaluate preventative and reductive strategies to address challenging behaviors. Use motivational and instructional interventions to teach individuals with exceptionalities how to adapt to different environments. Know how to intervene safely and appropriately with individuals in crisis.
	      4. 	  Use both child-initiated and teacher-facilitated instructional methods, including strategies such as small and large group projects, play, systematic instruction, group discussion and cooperative decision making. Organize space, time, materials, peers, and adults to maximize progress in natural and structured environments. Embed learning opportunities in everyday routines, relationships, activities, and places. Understand the impact of social and physical environments on development and learning.
	      5. 	  Engage in intentional practices and implement learning experiences that value diversity and demonstrate understanding that bias and discrimination impact development. Understand how language, culture, and family background influence and support the learning of each child.
	       (2)  	 Building family and community relationships.
	      1. 	  Build family and community relationships to include understanding that successful early childhood education depends upon reciprocal and respectful partnerships with families, communities, and agencies, that these partnerships have complex and diverse characteristics, and that all families should be involved in their children’s development and learning.
	      2. 	  Understand diverse family and community characteristics and how language, culture, and family background influence and support children’s learning, and apply that knowledge to develop, implement, and evaluate learning experience and strategies that respect and reflect the diversity of children and their families.
	      3. 	  Understand how to apply theories and knowledge of dynamic roles and relationships within and between families, schools, and communities. Recognize how to adapt consistently to the expressed and observed strengths and needs of the family, including two-way communication, and how to support families’ choices and priorities in the development of goals and intervention strategies.
	      4. 	  Understand how to coordinate with all (caregivers, professionals, and agencies) who provide care and learning opportunities for each child by developing a community of support for children and families through interagency collaboration to include agreements, referrals, and consultation.
	       (3)  	 Observing, documenting, and assessing to support young children and families.
	      1. 	  Use technically sound formal and informal assessments that minimize bias and evaluation results to adapt and guide instruction. Demonstrate a range of appropriate assessment and evaluation strategies (e.g., family interview, observation, documentation, assessment instrument) to support individual strengths, interests, and needs.
	      2. 	  Design curricula, assessments, and teaching and intervention strategies that align with learner and program goals, including the development of individualized family service plans (IFSPs) and individualized education plans (IEPs). Assist families in identifying resources, priorities, and concerns in relation to the child’s development. Understand and utilize assessment partnerships with families and with professional colleagues to build effective learning environments. Understand the role of the families in the assessment process and support the choices they make (e.g., observer, participant). Participate as a team member to integrate assessment results in the development and implementation of individualized plans.
	      3. 	  Understand and utilize observation, documentation, and other appropriate assessment tools and approaches, including the use of technology in documentation, assessment and data collection. Implement authentic assessment based on observation of spontaneous play. Demonstrate knowledge of alignment of assessment with curriculum, content standards, and local, state, and federal requirements. Assess progress in the developmental domains, play, and temperament.
	      4. 	  Understand and utilize responsible assessments to promote positive outcomes for each child, including the use of assistive technology for children with disabilities. Use a variety of materials and contexts to maintain the interest of infants and young children in the assessment process.
	      5. 	  Implement current educational, legal, and ethical guidelines when using assessment practices to support children’s individual strengths, interests, and needs (e.g., cultural, linguistic, ability diversity).
	       (4)  	 Using developmentally and individually effective approaches to connect with children and families.
	      1. 	  Understand positive relationships and supportive interactions as the foundation of the teacher’s work with young children. Reflect on the teacher’s own practice to promote positive outcomes for each child and family.
	      2. 	  Develop, implement, and evaluate individualized plans, including IFSPs and IEPs, as a team leader with families and other professionals. Demonstrate appropriate and effective supports for children and families transitioning into and out of programs or classrooms. Seek and use additional resources and agencies outside the program/school when needed to effectively facilitate the learning and social/emotional development of each child.
	      3. 	  Plan, develop, implement, and evaluate integrated learning experiences for home-, center- and school-based environments for infants, toddlers, preprimary and primary children, their families, and other care providers based on knowledge of individual children, the family, and the community. Select, develop, and evaluate developmentally and functionally appropriate materials, equipment, and environments. Develop adaptations and accommodations for infants, toddlers, preprimary, and primary children to meet their individual needs. Use a broad repertoire of developmentally and individually appropriate teaching/learning approaches and effective strategies and tools for early education, including appropriate uses of technology. Facilitate child-initiated development and learning.
	      4. 	  Consider an individual’s abilities, interests, learning environments, and cultural and linguistic factors in the selection, development, and adaptation of learning experiences for individuals with exceptionalities. Use teacher-scaffolded and -initiated instruction to complement child-initiated learning. Link development, learning experiences, and instruction to promote educational transitions. Use individual and group guidance and problem-solving techniques to develop supportive relationships with and among children. Use strategies to teach social skills and conflict resolution.
	      5. 	  Implement basic health, nutrition, and safety management procedures, including the design of physically and psychologically safe and healthy indoor and outdoor environments to promote development and learning. Recognize signs of emotional distress, physical and mental abuse and neglect in young children and understand mandatory reporting procedures. Demonstrate proficiency in infant-child cardiopulmonary resuscitation, emergency procedures and first aid.
	      6. 	  Understand principles of administration, organization, and operation of programs for children from birth to age 8 and their families, including staff and program development, supervision, evaluation of staff, and continuing improvement of programs and services. Employ adult learning principles in consulting with and training family members and service providers.
	      7. 	  Demonstrate the ability to collaborate with general educators and other colleagues to create safe, inclusive, culturally responsive learning environments to engage individuals with exceptionalities and diverse abilities in meaningful learning activities and social interactions.
	       (5)  	 Using content knowledge to build a meaningful curriculum.
	      1. 	  Develop and implement appropriate current research-supported learning experiences with a focus on the developmental domains, play, temperament, language and literacy to include first (home) and second language acquisition, mathematics, science, the arts (music, visual art, and drama), physical activity, health and safety, social studies, social skills, higher-thinking skills, and developmentally and individually appropriate methodology. Methods courses are required for the following areas: literacy, mathematics, social studies, science, physical education and wellness, and visual and performing arts.
	      2. 	  Use the Iowa Early Learning Standards and the Iowa core with information from ongoing child observations and assessments to plan, implement, and evaluate appropriate instruction that improves academic and developmental progress of each child, including those with IFSPs/IEPs.
	      3. 	  Understand the central concepts, structures of the discipline, and tools of inquiry of content areas taught, and demonstrate the ability to organize this knowledge, integrate cross-disciplinary skills, and develop meaningful learning progressions for individuals with exceptionalities (diverse abilities).
	      4. 	  Modify general and specialized curricula to make them accessible to individuals with exceptionalities (diverse abilities). Develop adaptations and accommodations for infants, toddlers, preprimary, and primary children to meet their individual needs.
	       (6)  	 Professional responsibilities.
	      1. 	  Demonstrate awareness of early childhood program criteria, including the following: National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), Iowa Early Learning Standards, Head Start Performance Standards, and Iowa Quality Preschool Program Standards (IQPPS).
	      2. 	  Collaborate with supervisors, mentors, and colleagues to enhance professional growth within and across disciplines to inform practice, including the use of data for decision making, and understand how to design and implement a professional development plan based on student achievement, self, peer, and supervisory evaluations and recommended practices.
	      3. 	  Understand the significance of lifelong learning and participate in professional activities and learning communities. Participate in activities of professional organizations relevant to early childhood regular education, special education, and early intervention.
	      4. 	  Use relevant national and state professional guidelines (national, state, or local), state curriculum standards, and current trends for content and outcomes and to inform and improve practices for young children and their families.
	      5. 	  Adhere to state and national professional and ethical principles, practices, and codes.
	      6. 	  Advocate for developmentally and individually appropriate practice, demonstrate awareness of issues that affect the lives of each child, and demonstrate necessary communication skills.
	      7. 	  Understand historical, philosophical and foundational knowledge and how current issues and the legal bases of services influence professional practice in early childhood, early intervention, early childhood special education, and general and regular education in the K-3 age groups. Understand trends and issues in early childhood education, early childhood special education, and early intervention.
	      8. 	  Provide guidance and direction to paraeducators, tutors, and volunteers.
	       (7)  	 Early childhood field experiences.
	      1. 	  Pre-student teaching field experiences, which must comprise a minimum of 100 clock hours, to include at least 20 hours of working with each age group (infants and toddlers, preprimary, and primary).
	      2. 	  Experiences working in at least three settings that offer early childhood education, such as approved child care centers and registered child development homes, school-based preschool, community agencies, or home visiting programs.
	      3. 	  Experiences working with children who have a range of abilities and disabilities and who reflect diverse family systems and other differentiating factors, such as urban and rural, socioeconomic status, and cultural and linguistic diversity.
	      4. 	  Completion of supervised student teaching experience in at least two different settings including registered child development homes, home visiting programs, state-accredited child care centers, or classrooms which include both children with and without disabilities in two of three age levels: infant and toddler, preprimary, and primary.
	   13.26(3) Teacher—prekindergarten through grade three, including special education.
	      a.    	  Authorization. The holder of this endorsement is authorized to teach children from birth through grade three.
	      b.    	  Content.
	       (1)  	 Child growth and development.
	      1. 	  Understand the nature of child growth and development for infants and toddlers (birth through age 2), preprimary (age 3 through age 5) and primary school children (age 6 through age 8), both typical and atypical, in areas of cognition, language development, physical motor, social-emotional, aesthetics, and adaptive behavior.
	      2. 	  Understand individual differences in development and learning including risk factors, developmental variations and developmental patterns of specific disabilities and special abilities.
	      3. 	  Recognize that children are best understood in the contexts of family, culture and society and that cultural and linguistic diversity influences development and learning.
	       (2)  	 Developmentally appropriate learning environment and curriculum implementation.
	      1. 	  Establish learning environments with social support, from the teacher and from other students, for all children to meet their optimal potential, with a climate characterized by mutual respect, encouraging and valuing the efforts of all regardless of proficiency.
	      2. 	  Appropriately use informal and formal assessment to monitor development of children and to plan and evaluate curriculum and teaching practices to meet individual needs of children and families.
	      3. 	  Plan, implement, and continuously evaluate developmentally and individually appropriate curriculum goals, content, and teaching practices for infants, toddlers, preprimary and primary children based on the needs and interests of individual children, their families and community.
	      4. 	  Use both child-initiated and teacher-directed instructional methods, including strategies such as small and large group projects, unstructured and structured play, systematic instruction, group discussion and cooperative decision making.
	      5. 	  Develop and implement integrated learning experiences for home-, center- and school-based environments for infants, toddlers, preprimary and primary children.
	      6. 	  Develop and implement integrated learning experiences that facilitate cognition, communication, social and physical development of infants and toddlers within the context of parent-child and caregiver-child relationships.
	      7. 	  Develop and implement learning experiences for preprimary and primary children with focus on multicultural and nonsexist content that includes development of responsibility, aesthetic and artistic development, physical development and well-being, cognitive development, and emotional and social development.
	      8. 	  Develop and implement learning experiences for infants, toddlers, preprimary, and primary children with a focus on language, mathematics, science, social studies, visual and expressive arts, social skills, higher-thinking skills, and developmentally appropriate methodology.
	      9. 	  Develop adaptations and accommodations for infants, toddlers, preprimary, and primary children to meet their individual needs.
	      10. 	  Adapt materials, equipment, the environment, programs and use of human resources to meet social, cognitive, physical motor, communication, and medical needs of children and diverse learning needs.
	       (3)  	 Health, safety and nutrition.
	      1. 	  Design and implement physically and psychologically safe and healthy indoor and outdoor environments to promote development and learning.
	      2. 	  Promote nutritional practices that support cognitive, social, cultural and physical development of young children.
	      3. 	  Implement appropriate appraisal and management of health concerns of young children including procedures for children with special health care needs.
	      4. 	  Recognize signs of emotional distress, physical and mental abuse and neglect in young children and understand mandatory reporting procedures.
	      5. 	  Demonstrate proficiency in infant-child cardiopulmonary resuscitation, emergency procedures and first aid.
	       (4)  	 Family and community collaboration.
	      1. 	  Apply theories and knowledge of dynamic roles and relationships within and between families, schools, and communities.
	      2. 	  Assist families in identifying resources, priorities, and concerns in relation to the child’s development.
	      3. 	  Link families, based on identified needs, priorities and concerns, with a variety of resources.
	      4. 	  Use communication, problem-solving and help-giving skills in collaboration with families and other professionals to support the development, learning and well-being of young children.
	      5. 	  Participate as an effective member of a team with other professionals and families to develop and implement learning plans and environments for young children.
	       (5)  	 Professionalism.
	      1. 	  Understand legislation and public policy that affect all young children, with and without disabilities, and their families.
	      2. 	  Understand legal aspects, historical, philosophical, and social foundations of early childhood education and special education.
	      3. 	  Understand principles of administration, organization and operation of programs for children from birth to age 8 and their families, including staff and program development, supervision and evaluation of staff, and continuing improvement of programs and services.
	      4. 	  Identify current trends and issues of the profession to inform and improve practices and advocate for quality programs for young children and their families.
	      5. 	  Adhere to professional and ethical codes.
	      6. 	  Engage in reflective inquiry and demonstration of professional self-knowledge.
	       (6)  	 Pre-student teaching field experiences. Complete 100 clock hours of pre-student teaching field experience with three age levels in infant and toddler, preprimary, and primary programs and in different settings, such as rural and urban, encompassing differing socioeconomic status, ability levels, cultural and linguistic diversity and program types and sponsorship.
	       (7)  	 Student teaching. Complete a supervised student teaching experience of a total of at least 12 weeks in at least two different classrooms which include children with and without disabilities in two of three age levels: infant and toddler, preprimary, and primary.
	   13.26(4) Teacher—elementary classroom. Effective September 1, 2015, the following requirements apply to persons who wish to teach in the elementary classroom:
	      a.    	  Authorization. The holder of this endorsement is authorized to teach in kindergarten and grades one through six.
	      b.    	  Content.
	       (1)  	 Child growth and development with emphasis on the emotional, physical and mental characteristics of elementary age children, unless completed as part of the professional education core.
	       (2)  	 At least 9 semester hours in literacy which must include:
	      1. 	  Content:
	      ● 	  Children’s literature;
	      ● 	  Oral and written communication skills for the twenty-first century.
	      2. 	  Methods:
	      ● 	  Assessment, diagnosis and evaluation of student learning in literacy;
	      ● 	  Integration of the language arts (to include reading, writing, speaking, viewing, and listening);
	      ● 	  Integration of technology in teaching and student learning in literacy;
	      ● 	  Current best-practice, research-based approaches of literacy instruction;
	      ● 	  Classroom management as it applies to literacy methods;
	      ● 	  Pre-student teaching clinical experience in teaching literacy.
	       (3)  	 At least 9 semester hours in mathematics which must include:
	      1. 	  Content:
	      ● 	  Numbers and operations;
	      ● 	  Algebra/number patterns;
	      ● 	  Geometry;
	      ● 	  Measurement;
	      ● 	  Data analysis/probability.
	      2. 	  Methods:
	      ● 	  Assessment, diagnosis and evaluation of student learning in mathematics;
	      ● 	  Current best-practice, research-based instructional methods in mathematical processes (to include problem solving; reasoning; communication; the ability to recognize, make and apply connections; integration of manipulatives; the ability to construct and to apply multiple connected representations; and the application of content to real world experiences);
	      ● 	  Integration of technology in teaching and student learning in mathematics;
	      ● 	  Classroom management as it applies to mathematics methods;
	      ● 	  Pre-student teaching clinical experience in teaching mathematics.
	       (4)  	 At least 9 semester hours in social sciences which must include:
	      1. 	  Content:
	      ● 	  History;
	      ● 	  Geography;
	      ● 	  Political science/civic literacy;
	      ● 	  Economics;
	      ● 	  Behavioral sciences.
	      2. 	  Methods:
	      ● 	  Current best-practice, research-based approaches to the teaching and learning of social sciences;
	      ● 	  Integration of technology in teaching and student learning in social sciences;
	      ● 	  Classroom management as it applies to social science methods.
	       (5)  	 At least 9 semester hours in science which must include:
	      1. 	  Content:
	      ● 	  Physical science;
	      ● 	  Earth/space science;
	      ● 	  Life science.
	      2. 	  Methods:
	      ● 	  Current best-practice, research-based methods of inquiry-based teaching and learning of science;
	      ● 	  Integration of technology in teaching and student learning in science;
	      ● 	  Classroom management as it applies to science methods.
	       (6)  	 At least 3 semester hours to include all of the following:
	      1. 	  Methods of teaching elementary physical education, health, and wellness;
	      2. 	  Methods of teaching visual arts for the elementary classroom;
	      3. 	  Methods of teaching performance arts for the elementary classroom.
	       (7)  	 Pre-student teaching field experience in at least two different grade levels to include one primary and one intermediate placement.
	       (8)  	 A field of specialization in a single discipline or a formal interdisciplinary program of at least 12 semester hours.
	       (9)  	 Student teaching in an elementary general education classroom.
[ARC 8400B, IAB 12/16/09, effective 1/20/10; ARC 8401B, IAB 12/16/09, effective 1/20/10; ARC 8402B, IAB 12/16/09, effective 1/20/10; ARC 8607B, IAB 3/10/10, effective 4/14/10; ARC 0446C, IAB 11/14/12, effective 12/19/12; ARC 2016C, IAB 6/10/15, effective 7/15/15; ARC 2527C, IAB 5/11/16, effective 6/15/16; ARC 2584C, IAB 6/22/16, effective 7/27/16]