701—307.3(422) Forms, returns, and reports.
	307.3(1) Definitions. For the purposes of this rule, the following definitions apply:
“GovConnectIowa” means the e-services portal of the department of revenue.
“Income statement” means a statement that conforms to the requirements of Iowa Code section 422.16(7)“a.” An income statement includes, but is not limited to, Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form W-2, IRS Form 1099, and IRS Form W-2G.
“Payee” means an employee or other person who had Iowa income tax withheld pursuant to Iowa Code section 422.16.
“Payer” means an employer or other person required to withhold and remit Iowa income tax pursuant to Iowa Code section 422.16.
	307.3(2)  Withholding registration.
	a. 	Every payer required to deduct and withhold Iowa income tax must register with the department of revenue by filing an Iowa Business Tax Registration Form either on a paper form available online at tax.iowa.gov or through GovConnectIowa. The form shall indicate the payer’s federal employer identification number. If a payer has not received a federal employer identification number, the payer must notify the department of the payer’s federal employer identification number once the number has been assigned. If a payer fails to provide the payer’s federal employer identification number within 90 days of the registration filing, the department will consider the payer’s withholding registration invalid.
	b. 	If a payer deducts and withholds Iowa income tax but does not file the Iowa Business Tax Registration Form, the department may register the payer using the best information available. If a payer uses a service provider to report and remit Iowa withholding tax on behalf of the payer, the department may use information obtained from the service provider to register the payer if an Iowa Business Tax Registration Form is not filed. This information would include, but is not limited to, the name, address, federal employer identification number, filing frequency, and withholding contact of the payer.
	307.3(3) Allowance certificate.
	a. 	General rules. On or before the date on which an individual commences employment with an employer, the individual shall furnish the employer with a signed Iowa employee’s withholding allowance certificate (IA W-4) indicating the number of withholding allowances which the individual claims, which in no event shall exceed the number to which the individual is entitled. The employer is required to request a withholding allowance certificate from each employee. If the employee fails to furnish a certificate, the employee shall be considered as claiming no withholding allowances. Subrule 307.3(5) contains information on Form IA W-4P, which is to be used by payers of pensions, annuities, deferred compensation, individual retirement accounts and other retirement incomes.
The employer must submit to the department of revenue a copy of a withholding allowance certificate received from an employee if:
	(1)	The employee claimed more than a total of 22 withholding allowances, or
	(2)	The employee is claiming an exemption from withholding and it is expected that the employee’s wages from that employer will normally exceed $200 per week.
Employers required to submit withholding certificates should use the following address:
Iowa Department of Revenue
Compliance Division
Examination Section
Hoover State Office Building
P.O. Box 10456
Des Moines, Iowa 50306
The department will notify the employer whether to honor the withholding certificate or to withhold as though the employee is claiming no withholding allowances.
	b. 	Form and content. The “Iowa Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate” (IA W-4) must be used to determine the number of allowances that may be claimed by an employee for Iowa income tax withholding purposes. Generally, the greater number of allowances an employee is entitled to claim, the lower the amount of Iowa income tax to be withheld for the employee. The following withholding allowances may be claimed on the IA W-4 form:
	(1)	Personal allowances. An employee can claim one personal allowance or two if the individual is eligible to claim head of household status. The employee can claim an additional allowance if the employee is 65 years of age or older and another additional allowance if the employee is blind.
If the employee is married and the spouse either does not work or is not claiming an allowance on a separate W-4 form, the employee can claim an allowance for the spouse. The employee may also claim an additional allowance if the spouse is 65 years of age or older and still another allowance if the spouse is blind.
	(2)	Dependent allowances. The employee can claim an allowance for each dependent that the employee will be able to claim on the employee’s Iowa return.
	(3)	Allowances for itemized deductions. The employee can claim allowances for itemized deductions to the extent the total amount of estimated itemized deductions for the tax year for the employee exceeds the applicable standard deduction amount by $200. In instances where an employee is married and the employee’s spouse is a wage-earner, the total allowances for itemized deductions for the employee and spouse should not exceed the aggregate amount itemized deduction allowances to which both taxpayers are entitled.
	(4)	Allowances for the child/dependent care credit. Employees who expect to be eligible for the child/dependent care credit for the tax year can claim withholding allowances for the credit. The allowances are determined from a chart included on the IA W-4 form on the basis of net income shown on the Iowa return for the employee. If the employee is married and has filed a joint federal return with a spouse who earns Iowa wages subject to withholding, the withholding allowances claimed by both spouses for the child/dependent care credit should not exceed the aggregate number of allowances to which both taxpayers are entitled. Taxpayers that expect to have a net income of $45,000 or more for a tax year beginning on or after January 1, 2006, should not claim withholding allowances for the child and dependent care credit, since these taxpayers are not eligible for the credit.
	(5)	Allowances for adjustments to income. For tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2008, employees can claim allowances for adjustments to income which are set forth in Treasury Regulation §31.3402(m)-1, paragraph “b.” This includes adjustments to income such as alimony, deductible IRA contributions, student loan interest and moving expenses which are allowed as deductions in computing income subject to Iowa income tax. In instances where an employee is married and the employee’s spouse is a wage earner, the withholding allowances claimed by both spouses for adjustments to income for the employee and spouse should not exceed the aggregate number of allowances to which both taxpayers are entitled.
	c. 	Change in allowances which affect the current calendar year.
	(1)	Decrease. If, on any day during the calendar year, the number of withholding allowances to which an employee is entitled is less than the number of withholding allowances claimed by the individual on a withholding certificate then in effect, the employee must furnish the employer with a new Iowa withholding allowance certificate relating to the number of withholding allowances which the employee then claims, which must in no event exceed the number to which the employee is entitled on such day.
	(2)	Increase. If, on any day during the calendar year, the number of withholding allowances to which an employee is entitled is more than the number of withholding allowances claimed by the employee on the withholding allowance certificate then in effect, the employee may furnish the employer with a new Iowa withholding allowance certificate on which the employee must in no event claim more than the number of withholding allowances to which the employee is entitled on such day.
	d. 	Change in allowances which affect the next calendar year. If, on any day during the calendar year, the number of withholding allowances to which the employee will be, or may reasonably be expected to be, entitled to for the employee’s taxable year which begins in, or with, the next calendar year is different from the number to which the employee is entitled on such day, the following rules shall apply:
	(1)	If such number is less than the number of withholding allowances claimed by an employee on an Iowa withholding allowance certificate in effect on such day, the employee must within a reasonable time furnish the employee’s employer with a new withholding allowance certificate reflecting the decrease.
	(2)	If such number is greater than the number of withholding allowances claimed by the employee on an Iowa withholding allowance certificate in effect on such day, the employee may furnish the employee’s employer with a new withholding allowance certificate reflecting the increase.
	e. 	Duration of allowance certificate. An Iowa withholding allowance certificate which is in effect pursuant to these regulations shall continue in effect until another withholding allowance certificate takes effect. Employers should retain copies of the IA W-4 forms for at least four years.
	307.3(4) Reports and payments of income tax withheld.
	a. 	Returns of income tax withheld from wages.
	(1)	Quarterly returns. Every payer required to withhold tax on compensation paid for personal services in Iowa shall make a return for the first calendar quarter in which tax is withheld and for each subsequent calendar quarter, whether or not compensation is paid therein, until a final return is filed. The payer’s Iowa Withholding Tax Quarterly Return is the form prescribed for making the return required under this paragraph. Monthly tax deposits or semimonthly tax deposits may be required in addition to quarterly returns. Subparagraphs 307.3(4)“a”(2) and 307.3(4)“a”(3) contain more information about monthly and semimonthly tax deposits. In some circumstances, only an annual return and payment of withheld taxes will be required. Paragraph 307.3(4)“c” contains more information on annual reporting.
Payments shall be based upon the tax required to be withheld and must be remitted in full.
A payer is not required to list the name(s) of the payee(s) when filing quarterly returns.
If a payer’s payroll is not constant, and the payer finds that no income was paid during the current quarter, the payer shall enter the numeral “zero” on the return and submit the return as usual.
	(2)	Monthly deposits. Every payer required to file a quarterly withholding return shall also file a monthly deposit if the amount of tax withheld during any calendar month exceeds $500 but is less than $10,000. No monthly deposit is required for the third month in any calendar quarter. The information otherwise required to be reported on the monthly deposit for the third month in a calendar quarter shall be reported on the quarterly return filed for that quarter, and no monthly deposit need be filed for such month.
	(3)	Semimonthly deposits. Every payer who withholds more than $5,000 in a semimonthly period must file a semimonthly tax deposit. A semimonthly period is defined as the period from the first day of a calendar month through the fifteenth day of a calendar month, or the period from the sixteenth day of a calendar month through the last day of a calendar month. When semimonthly deposits are required, a payer must still file a quarterly return.
	(4)	Final returns. A payer who in any return period permanently ceases doing business shall file the returns required by subparagraphs 307.3(4)“a”(1), 307.3(4)“a”(2), and 307.3(4)“a”(3) as final returns for such period. The payer shall cancel the withholding registration by submitting the Iowa Business Tax Cancellation Form or through GovConnectIowa.
	b. 	Time for filing returns.
	(1)	Quarterly returns. Each return required by subparagraph 307.3(4)“a”(1) shall be filed on or before the last day of the first calendar month following the calendar quarter for which such return is made.
	(2)	Monthly tax deposits. Monthly deposits required by subparagraph 307.3(4)“a”(2) shall be filed on or before the fifteenth day of the second and third months of each calendar quarter for the first and second months of each calendar quarter, respectively.
	(3)	Semimonthly tax deposits. Semimonthly deposits required by subparagraph 307.3(4)“a”(3) for the semimonthly period from the first day of the month through the fifteenth day of the month shall be filed with payment of the tax on or before the twenty-fifth day of the same month. The semimonthly deposits required by subparagraph 307.3(4)“a”(3) for the semimonthly period from the sixteenth day of the month through the last day of the month shall be filed with payment of the tax on or before the tenth day of the month following the month in which the tax is withheld.
Quarterly returns, amended returns, monthly deposits and semimonthly deposits shall be made electronically in a format and by means specified by the department of revenue. Tax payments are considered to have been made on the date that the tax is transmitted and released to the department. For withholding that occurs on or after January 1, 2022, tax payments shall be made using GovConnectIowa.
	(4)	Determination of payment frequency. The department and the department of management have the authority to change payment thresholds by department rule. This paragraph sets forth the payment thresholds and frequencies for each payer based on the amount withheld.
The following criteria will be used to determine if a change in payment frequency is warranted.

Payment Frequency	 	Threshold	 	 	
Semimonthly	 	Greater than $120,000 in annual withholding (more than $5,000 in a semimonthly period).	 	 	
Monthly	 	Between $6,000 and $120,000 in annual withholding (more than $500 in a monthly period).	 	 	
Quarterly	 	Less than $6,000 in annual withholding.	 	 	
Annual	 	Less than 3 employees.	 	 	
	1.	To request to pay on a less frequent basis than required, the request must be in writing and submitted to the department. A payer’s written request to be allowed to pay less frequently will be reviewed by the department, and a written determination will be issued to the payer who made the request. A change in payment frequency to pay on a less frequent basis will be granted in only two instances:
	●	Incorrect historical data is used in the conversion. A business may meet the criteria based on the original filing data, but, upon investigation, the filing history may prove that the business does not meet the dollar criteria because of adjustments, amended returns, or requests for refunds.
	●	Data available may have been distorted by the fact that the data reflected an unusual pattern in tax collection. The factors causing such a distortion must be documented and approved by the department.
If a payer is permitted to pay on a less frequent basis, the payer must begin to pay on the less frequent basis at the start of the next quarter unless the payer is permitted to pay annually, in which case the payer must submit future payments in accordance with paragraph 307.3(4)“c.”
	2.	A payer may also pay more frequently than required. No request is required to be made to pay on a more frequent basis.
	3.	The department and the department of management may perform a review of payment frequency thresholds every five years or as needed based on department discretion. Factors the departments will consider in determining if the payment frequency thresholds need to be changed include but are not limited to tax rate changes, inflation, the need to maintain consistency with required multistate compacts, changes in law, and migration between filing brackets.
	(5)	Amended return. If the amount of Iowa income tax withheld and remitted to the department of revenue for the year is different than the withheld tax and withholding credits claimed, the payer must report the difference on an amended return and, if the return shows less tax withheld and remitted than shown due, the payer must submit payment to the department.
	c. 	Reporting annual withholding.
	(1)	Any payer who does not have employee withholding but who is required to withhold state income tax from other distributions is exempted from the provisions of subparagraphs (2) and (3) of paragraph 307.3(4)“a,” if these distributions are made annually in one calendar quarter. These payers need only comply with the reporting requirements of the one calendar quarter in which the tax is withheld.
	(2)	Every payer employing not more than two individuals and who expects to employ either or both for the full calendar year may pay with the Iowa Withholding Tax Quarterly Return due for the first calendar quarter of the year the full amount of income taxes which would be required to be withheld from the wages for the full calendar year. The payer shall advise the department of revenue that annual reporting is contemplated and shall also state the number of persons employed. The payer shall compute the annual withholding from wages by determining the normal withholding for one pay period and multiply this amount by the total number of pay periods within the calendar year. The payer shall be entitled to recover from the employee(s) any part of such lump-sum payment that represents an advance to the employee(s). If a payer pays a lump sum with the first quarterly return, the payer shall be excused from filing further quarterly returns for the calendar year involved unless the payer hires other or additional employees.
	d. 	 Furnishing income statements to payee.
	(1)	General rule. Every payer required to deduct and withhold income tax of a payee must furnish to each payee with respect to the income paid in Iowa by such payer during the calendar year an income statement containing the following information: the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of the payer; the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of the payee; the total amount of taxable income paid in Iowa; the total amount deducted and withheld as tax under subrule 307.1(1); and the total amount of federal income tax withheld.
	(2)	Form of income statement. The information required to be furnished to a payee under the preceding paragraph shall be furnished on the appropriate IRS form including but not limited to IRS Form W-2 and IRS Form 1099. Any reproduction, modification, or substitution for an IRS form by the payer must be approved by the department. Payers should keep copies of income statements for four years from the end of the year for which the income statements apply.
	(3)	Time for furnishing an income statement. Each income statement required by paragraph 307.3(4)“d” to be furnished for a calendar year and each corrected income statement required for any prior year shall be furnished to the payee on or before January 31 of the year succeeding such calendar year, or if an employee’s employment is terminated before the close of a calendar year without expectation that it will resume during the same calendar year, within 30 days from the day on which the last payment of compensation is made, if requested by such employee, but not later than January 31 of the following year. Paragraph 307.3(4)“e” contains provisions relating to the filing of copies of certain income statements with the department of revenue.
	(4)	Corrections. A payer must furnish a corrected income statement to a payee if, after the original statement has been furnished, an error is discovered in either the amount of income shown to have been paid in Iowa for the prior year or the amount of tax shown to have been deducted and withheld in the prior year. The corrected statement shall be marked “corrected .”
	(5)	Undelivered income statements. Any payee’s copy of the income statement which, after reasonable effort, cannot be delivered to a payee shall be transmitted to the department with a letter of explanation.
	(6)	Lost or destroyed. If the income statement is lost or destroyed, the payer shall furnish a substitute copy to the payee. The copy shall be clearly marked “Reissued.”
	(7)	Penalty. A willful failure to meet the furnishing requirements set out in this paragraph will subject payers to the penalty under Iowa Code section 422.16(10)“a.” Rule 701—307.5(422) contains more information about this penalty.
	e. 	 Filing income statements with the department.
	(1)	For tax year 2019 and all subsequent tax years, all payers are required to electronically file all W-2 forms, W-2G forms, and 1099 forms for payees from whom Iowa income tax was withheld with the department of revenue on or before February 15 following the tax year. Income statements for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2022, must be filed using GovConnectIowa.
	(2)	Corrections. A payer must file a corrected income statement with the department if, after the original statement has been filed, an error is discovered in either the amount of income shown to have been paid in Iowa for the prior year or the amount of tax shown to have been deducted and withheld in the prior year. The corrected statement shall be marked “corrected.”
	(3)	Penalty. A willful failure to meet the filing requirements set out in Iowa Code section 422.16 and this paragraph will subject payers to the penalties under Iowa Code section 422.16(10). Rule 701—307.5(422) contains more information about this penalty.
	(4)	Other income statements. Any income statement not listed in this paragraph that cannot be submitted electronically must be filed with the department by mail on or before February 15 following the tax year.
	(5)	Extension. The director or the department employee designated by the director may allow a 30-day extension of time for filing income statements with the department in the case of illness, disability, or absence, or if good cause is shown. To apply for an extension, a payer shall use the form available on the department website.
	f. 	Withholding deemed to be held in trust. Funds withheld from income for Iowa income tax purposes are deemed to be held in trust for payment to the department of revenue. The state and the department shall have a lien upon all the assets of the payer and all the property used in the conduct of the payer’s business to secure the payment of the tax as withheld under the provisions of this rule. An owner, conditional vendor, or mortgagee of property subject to such lien may exempt the property from the lien granted to Iowa by requiring the payer to obtain a certificate from the department, certifying that such payer has posted with the department security for the payment of the amounts withheld under this rule.
	g. 	Payment of tax deducted and withheld. The amount of tax shown to be due on each deposit or return required to be filed under subrule 307.3(4) shall be due on or before the date on which such deposit or return is required to be filed.
	h. 	Correction of underpayment or overpayment of taxes withheld.
	(1)	Underpayment. If a return is filed for a return period under rule 701—307.3(422) and less than the correct amount of tax is reported on the return and paid to the department, the payer shall report and pay the additional amount due by filing an amended Iowa Withholding Tax Quarterly Return.
	(2)	Overpayment. If a payer remits more than the correct amount of tax for a return period, the payer may file an amended Iowa Withholding Tax Quarterly Return and request a refund of the withholding tax paid which was not due.
	307.3(5) Iowa W-4P—withholding certificate for pension or annuity payments.
	a. 	For payments made from pension plans, annuity plans, individual retirement accounts, or deferred compensation plans to residents of Iowa, payers of these retirement benefits are to use Form IA W-4P for withholding of state income tax from the benefits. Generally, state income tax is required to be withheld from payments of distributions from the retirement incomes described above when federal income tax is being withheld from the payments. However, no state income tax is required to be withheld to the extent the monthly payment amount is $500 or less or the taxable amount per month is $500 or less if the payee is eligible for the retirement benefits exclusion described in rule 701—302.47(422). In addition, no state income tax is required to be withheld to the extent the monthly payment amount is $1,000 or less or the taxable amount per month is $1,000 or less if the payee is married and eligible for the retirement benefits exclusion described in rule 701—302.47(422).
	b. 	Form IA W-4P is available from the department for payers of retirement benefits that intend to withhold at a rate of 5 percent from the payment amount or taxable payment amount after the $6,000 to $12,000 exclusion is considered. Note that the $6,000 to $12,000 exclusion is to be allocated to all retirement benefit payments made in the year and not just the first $6,000 to $12,000 in payments made in the year to an individual. If an individual receives retirement benefits and has not completed Form IA W-4P, the payer is directed to withhold Iowa income tax from the retirement benefit payment after a $6,000 exclusion is allowed on an annual basis.
	c. 	Payers of retirement benefits that want to use withholding formulas or tables to withhold state income tax instead of at the 5 percent rate may design their own IA W-4P withholding certificate form without approval of the department.
	d. 	The payers are not responsible for improper choices made by a payee in completion of the IA W-4P. However, payers cannot accept a request for exemption from the withholding of state income tax made by a payee if federal income tax is being withheld unless the payee is eligible for exemption from withholding.
This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code sections 422.7, 422.12C, and 422.16.
[ARC 8589B, IAB 3/10/10, effective 4/14/10; ARC 2739C, IAB 9/28/16, effective 11/2/16; ARC 3429C, IAB 10/25/17, effective 11/29/17; ARC 4678C, IAB 9/25/19, effective 10/30/19; ARC 5518C, IAB 3/10/21, effective 4/14/21; Editorial change: IAC Supplement 11/2/22; ARC 6904C, IAB 2/22/23, effective 3/29/23]