Upon appeal, in ordinary actions no evidence shall go to the appellate court except such as may be necessary to explain any exception taken in the cause, and such court shall hear and try the case only on the legal errors so presented.

 In actions cognizable in equity, wherein issues of fact are joined, the court may order the evidence or any part thereof to be taken in the form of depositions, or either party may take depositions as authorized by law, and may in the discretion of the court be granted a continuance for that purpose.

 The evidence in actions cognizable in equity shall be presented on appeal to the appellate court, which shall try such causes anew. However, upon further review by the supreme court of equity actions heard by the court of appeals the review may be limited in scope as provided in the rules of appellate procedure.

 In equitable causes, where the evidence is taken in the form of depositions, the district court may require to be submitted with the arguments an abstract of the pleadings and evidence, substantially as required by the rules of appellate procedure for abstracts in appeals in equitable causes, except that the same need not be printed.

 Causes shall be triable at any time after the expiration of twenty days after legal and timely service has been made.

 If the action challenges the legality, validity, or constitutionality of a proposed constitutional amendment, the cause shall be tried within three days after the issues are made up.

 The clerk shall keep a calendar of criminal causes, arranging them in the order of their commencement and, if the court so order, shall, under the direction of the court, apportion the same to as many days as is believed necessary, and, at the request of any party to a cause or the party’s attorney, shall issue subpoenas accordingly. The clerk shall furnish the court and bar with a sufficient number of copies of the calendar on or before January 15, April 15, July 15 and October 15 of each year, furnish the court and bar with a sufficient number of copies of a supplement thereto, which shall include the new causes only, but the publication of the assignments as provided in section 618.13 shall be in lieu of the publishing of a court calendar except that the first two daily publications of said paper shall be furnished free by the publisher to any attorney who shall request the clerk for the same.

 In all appealable actions triable by ordinary or equitable proceedings, any party thereto shall be entitled to have reported the whole proceedings upon the trial or hearing, and the court shall direct the reporter to make such report in writing or shorthand, which shall contain the date of the commencement of the trial, the proceedings impaneling the jury, and any objections thereto with the rulings thereon, the oral testimony at length, and all offers thereof, all objections thereto, the rulings thereon, the identification as exhibits, by letter or number or other appropriate mark, of all written or other evidence offered, and by sufficient reference thereto, made in the report, to make certain the object or thing offered, all objections to such evidence and the rulings thereon, all motions or other pleas orally made and the rulings thereon, the fact that the testimony was closed, the portions of arguments objected to, when so ordered by the court, all objections thereto with the rulings thereon, all oral comments or statements of the court during the progress of the trial, and any exceptions taken thereto, the fact that the jury is instructed, all objections and exceptions to instructions given by the court on its own motion, the fact that the case is given to the jury, the return of the verdict and action thereon of whatever kind, and any other proceedings before the court or jury which might be preserved and made of record by bill of exceptions, and shall note that exception was saved by the party adversely affected to every ruling made by the court.

 Such report shall be certified by the trial judge and reporter, when demanded by either party, to the effect that it contains a full, true, and complete report of all proceedings had that are required to be kept, and, when so certified, the same shall be filed by the clerk and, with all matters set out or identified therein, shall be a part of the record in such action, and constitute a complete bill of exceptions.

 On a trial before a jury it shall not be necessary to take down arguments of counsel or statements of the court, except the rulings, when not made in the presence of the jury.

 When selecting a jury in a trial in which a municipality is a defendant, a juror challenge based on the potential juror’s status as a taxpayer of that municipality shall not be allowed unless a real, substantial, and immediate interest is shown which would unfairly prejudice the plaintiff.

 If for any reason the regular panel is exhausted without a jury being selected, it shall be completed in the manner provided in the chapters upon selecting, drawing, and summoning juries.

 Upon interlocutory questions, the party moving the court or objecting to testimony shall be heard first; the respondent may then reply by one counsel, and the mover rejoining, confining remarks to the points first stated and a pertinent answer to respondent’s argument. Argument on the questions shall then be closed, unless further requested by the court.

 If a juror has personal knowledge respecting a fact in controversy in a cause, the juror must declare the fact of the knowledge in accordance with rule of evidence 5.606(a), and the juror may not testify in the trial of the case in which the juror is sitting. Proof of such a declaration may be made by any juror in support of a motion to set aside a verdict.

 No exception shall be regarded in an appellate court unless the ruling has been on a material point, and the effect thereof prejudicial to the rights of the party excepting.

 The cost of all new trials shall either abide the event of the action or be paid by the party to whom such new trial is granted, according to the order of the court, to be made at the time of granting such new trial.

 Where any other than a general execution of the common form is required, the party must state in the pleading the facts entitling the party thereto, and the judgment may be entered in accordance with the finding of the court or jury thereon.

 The provisions of this chapter relative to juries are intended to be applied to the court when acting as a jury on the trial of a cause, so far as they are applicable and not incompatible with other provisions herein contained.

 Where a judgment is set aside or satisfied by execution or otherwise, the clerk shall at once enter a memorandum thereof on the column left for that purpose in the judgment docket. However, the clerk may enter satisfaction of judgment if the amount of the judgment that is unsatisfied is three dollars or less.

 A personal judgment may be rendered against a defendant, whether the defendant appears or not, who has been served in any mode provided in this Code other than by publication, whether served within or without this state, if such defendant is a resident of the state.

 When the real estate lies in the county wherein the judgment of the district court of this state or of the circuit or district courts of the United States was entered in the judgment docket and lien index kept by the clerk of the court having jurisdiction, the lien shall attach from the date of such entry of judgment, but if in another it will not attach until an attested copy of the judgment is filed in the office of the clerk of the district court of the county in which the real estate lies except for a foreign judgment pursuant to chapter 626A, foreign-country money judgment pursuant to chapter 626B, or tribal court judgment pursuant to chapter 626D, which shall not attach until proceedings to challenge such judgment as authorized by its chapter have been concluded, and the district court finds that any such judgment is entitled to recognition. In such cases, the lien shall attach on the date the clerk of court files an attested copy of the judgment in the office of the clerk of the district court of the county in which the real estate lies.

 The lien of judgments of the appellate courts of Iowa shall not attach to any real estate until an attested copy of the judgment is filed in the office of the clerk of the district court of the county in which the real estate lies.

 Such clerk shall, on the filing of such transcript of the judgment of the appellate or district court of this state or of the circuit or district court of the United States in the clerk’s office, immediately proceed to docket and index the same, in the same manner as though rendered in the court of the clerk’s own county.

 A judgment against any railway, interurban railway, or street railway corporation or partnership, for an injury to any person or property, and any claim for compensation under the workers’ compensation Act for personal injuries sustained by their employees arising out of and in the course of their employment, shall be a lien upon the property of such corporation or partnership within the county where the judgment was recovered or in which occurred the injury for which compensation is due.

 The lien under section 624.27 shall be prior and superior to the lien of any mortgage or trust deed executed since July 4, 1862, by any railway corporation or partnership, and prior and superior to the lien of any mortgage or trust deed executed after August 9, 1897, by any interurban railway or street railway corporation or partnership.

 Real property may be conveyed by a commissioner appointed by the court:

 The deed of the commissioner shall refer to the judgment, orders, and proceedings authorizing the conveyance.

 A conveyance made in pursuance of a judgment shall pass to the grantee the title of the parties ordered to convey the land.

 A conveyance made in pursuance of a sale ordered by the court shall pass to the grantee the title of all the parties to the action or proceeding.

 A conveyance by a commissioner shall not pass any right until it has been approved by the court, which approval shall be endorsed on the conveyance and recorded with it.

 The conveyance shall be signed by the commissioner only, without affixing the names of the parties whose title is conveyed, but the names of such parties shall be recited in the body of the conveyance.

 The conveyance shall be recorded in the office in which, by law, it should have been recorded had it been made by the parties whose title is conveyed by it.

 The provisions of section 613.16 shall not limit any liability of any minor for the minor’s own acts and shall not limit any liability imposed by the common law or by any other provision of the Code.